帮忙翻译一篇文章 十万火急

Question

加快推进培养大学生综合素质和创新能力的步伐，学校决定推行实践教学内容与体系改革。改革应以“大实践观”为指导思想，确立以增强综合实践能力为目标的实践教学课程体系，构建具有特色的实践教学内容模块，加强实践教学基本建设，开展实践教学考核内容、考核方法的改革，优化实践教学环境，建立健全实践教学监控体系，切实提高本科生的综合素质和创新能力。
(1) 确立新的“大实践观”
“大实践观”对构建实践教学体系具有方法论的指导作用。必须树立质量意识和全面质量观，确立新的实践教学观。实践教学体系应系统、优化、高效，实现以综合实践能力培养为重心的转变，切实提高学生跨专业、跨学科解决实际问题的能力。
在实践教学中，注重培养学生的创新意识和创新精神。坚持学生理论学习与实践锻炼相结合，培养学生创新精神和创新能力相结合，鼓励学生独立思考，激发学生学习兴趣，通过解决实践问题训练提高学生实际运用能力和动手能力。
改革传统实验教学内容，更新验证性实验内容，增加综合性、研究性和设计性实验，突出实验内容的基础性、综合性和系统性。
深入进行实践教学方法、手段和组织形式的改革。积极探索新的实践教学方法。要充分发挥教师的主导作用，结合各专业人才培养的特点，注重针对实践环境施教，积极采用启发式、讨论式、现场教学、实物模型教学、案例教学、实务模拟法等多种教学方式，广泛运用媒体技术、网络等现代教育技术手段，通过演示、实验、实训、产品制作、计算机模拟等方式提高实践教学效。要建设数字化实践教学环境，应用信息技术整合实践教学课程的内容，改革教学方法，提高实践教学效率，增强实践教学效果。
(2) 科学构建实践教学模块
根据我校人才培养目标和培养规格要求，可从如下方面构建设内容完整、体系完备的实践教学内容与体系模块。
见习模块。根据专业教学特点，在人才培养方案中应安排一定时间，让学生进行专业野外实习、生产实习，专业课程见习、专业考察、艺术考察等，巩固和强化学生的专业知识，拓展专业视野。
实验教学模块。整合课程演示性、验证性、综合性、设计性实验，形成一套完整的实验教学内容体系，使实验教学真正成为培养学生实践能力和创新精神的主渠道。
专业技能训练模块。根据学生发展方向，强化教师教育类学生的现代教育技术应用和微格教学技能训练，强化艺术、体育类专业技能训练等，提高学生的专业技能。
社会实践模块。完成军事训练与理论教育实践环节，增加社会调查、社会体验的实践时间和内容，加深学生对社会的认识，密切学生与社会的联系，培养学生社会适应能力、研究社会的能力，提高学生的综合素质。
科研训练模块。注重科研能力的考察，把学生写作课程论文（设计、创作）、学年论文（设计、创作）、学生参加科研立项、学生参与教师科研课题等作为培养和考察学生能力的重要手段，考察学生动手能力，训练学生开展科研实践。精心指导毕业论文（设计、创作），严格管理，严把质量关，保证人才培养规格和质量。
毕业实习模块。集中时间，通过教育实习（教学实习、班主任工作实习、教育调查、教育教学改革试验）和专业实习，让学生在毕业前深入实际，运用专业知识和技能解决实际问题，进一步培养其独立思考、独立工作的能力。

Answer 1

Accelerate the training of university students overall quality and the pace of innovation, the school decided to launch the practice of teaching content and system reform. Reform should be the "Practice" as its guiding ideology. established practice to enhance the overall capability to the practice of teaching curriculum, Construction characteristics of practice teaching module and practice teaching infrastructure, teaching practice evaluation, assessment method, the optimal practice teaching environment, and establish a sound monitoring system of teaching practice, effectively improve the overall quality of undergraduate and innovation capability. (1) the establishment of the new "Practice," "Practice" in the Building of practice teaching methodology of the system with a guide. We must establish a sense of the quality and total quality concept, the establishment of a new concept of teaching practice. Practice teaching system should be systematically, optimization, efficient and to achieve comprehensive practical ability to change focus, effectively improve inter-professional students, interdisciplinary solve practical problems. Teaching in practice, pay attention to the cultivation of students sense of innovation and the spirit of innovation. Insist that the study of theory and practice and training combine to nurture students and innovative capabilities, encourage students to think independently and to stimulate the interest of students in learning. By addressing practical issues in the training of students and the practical ability to apply agility. Reform the traditional teaching content, update validation experiment and add comprehensive, research and design experiments, Experimental prominent as the basic, comprehensive and systematic. Deepen practical teaching methods, means and forms of organization reform. Actively explore new practice teaching methods. We should give full play to the leading role of teachers, professionals with the characteristics of the culture, a focus on teaching practice environment. actively use heuristic discuss - site teaching, teaching physical model, case teaching, practice simulation, and other teaching methods. extensive use of media technology, the Internet and other modern means of technology education, through presentations, laboratory, training, product production, computer simulation to enhance the effectiveness of teaching practice. To build digital practice teaching environment, the application of information technology integration practice teaching the course contents and teaching methods. improve the efficiency of teaching practice, the practice of enhancing the effectiveness of teaching. (2) Construction of practice teaching science module my school personnel training objectives and training specifications, from the following areas as integrity of the building structure, a complete system of practice teaching content and system modules. Training modules. According to professional teaching characteristics, the training program should arrange for a certain length of time, an opportunity for students to the professional field practice, internship, professional training courses, professional inspection, the arts etc., and to consolidate and strengthen the expertise of the students, expand professional perspective. Experimental teaching modules. Integrated Curriculum demonstration, validation, complex, experimental design, forming a complete set of teaching content system, The experimental teaching students to become foster innovation and the ability to practice the spirit of the main channel. Professional skills training modules. Under the direction of student development, strengthen education student teacher of modern educational technology applications and Micro-teaching skills. strengthen the arts, sports like professional skills training to enhance the professional skills of the students. Social practice module. Completed military training with theoretical education practice areas, and increase social investigations, social experience of practice time and contents, students to enhance social awareness, students closely connected to the community and train the students to adapt to the capacity of the research community, raise the overall quality of students. Research training module. The ability to focus on research study, students writing papers courses (design, creation), the academic year paper (design, creative works) students to participate in scientific research establishment, students to teachers participating in research projects such as training, and examination of student ability important means inspected the manipulative ability, training students to conduct scientific research practice. Meticulous guidance Thesis (design, creation), strict management, and maintain strict quality control to ensure that personnel training and quality specifications. Graduation Practice module. Time, through education internship (teaching practice, the class teacher attachment, education survey Education reform pilot), and professional training for students before graduation in touch with reality, professional knowledge and skills to solve practical problems and further develop their independent thinking, the ability to work independently.

Answer 2

Quickly push forward development an university student comprehensive the step of character and creative ability, the school decision promotes fulfillment content of course and system to reform.Reform should take"big practice view" as instruction to thought and establish with strengthen comprehensive practice ability for target of the course system of the fulfillment teaching, set up the fulfillment content of course mold piece of have the special features, strengthen fulfillment teaching capital construction, open exhibition fulfillment teaching to investigate a contents and investigate the reform of method, excellent turn fulfillment teaching environment, build up sound practice teaching supervision system, practical exaltation the undergraduate course living of comprehensive character and creative ability.
(1) Establishment new of"big practice view"
"Big practice a view" is to the instruction function which sets up fulfillment teaching system to have methodology.Have to set up quality consciousness with overall quality view, establishment new of practice teaching view.Practice teaching system in response to the system, excellent turn and efficiently carry out with comprehensive practice ability development for the change of center of gravity, practical exaltation the student across profession, across the ability that the academics work°outs an actual problem.
Pay attention to the development student's creative consciousness and frontier spirit in the fulfillment the teaching.坚持学生理论学习与实践锻炼相结合，培养学生创新精神和创新能力相结合，鼓励学生独立思考，激发学生学习兴趣，通过解决实践问题训练提高学生实际运用能力和动手能力。
Reform the content of course of the tradition experiment, renew the verification experiment contents, increase comprehensive, research and design to test, foundation, comprehensive and system of outstanding experiment contents.
Thorough carry on the reform which practices teaching method, means and organized form.Actively investigate a new fulfillment teaching method.Want to be well exertive the teacher's predominant function, combine each characteristics that the professional talented person develop, pay attention to aim at fulfillment environment to teach, aggressive adoption inspire type, discussion type, the spot teaching, real object model teaching, case teaching, actual situation imitate method's etc. be various teaching methods, extensive usage medium technique, network etc. modern education technique means, pass to play to show, test, solid Xun, product creation, calculator imitate etc. method exaltation practice teaching effect.To constuct numeral to turn to practice teaching environment apply an information technique integration to practice the contents of teaching course, reform teaching method, raise to practice a teaching efficiency, strengthen the fulfillment teaching effect.
(2) Science sets up to practice a teaching mold a piece
Foster target and development specification to request according to talented person in my school, can from as follows the aspect set up to establish contents integrity, the system complete fulfillment content of course and system mold piece.
Apprentice a mold piece.According to the professional teaching characteristics, should arrange in the talented person the development the project certain time, let the student carry on professional open country a practice and produce a practice, professional course apprentice, profession investigation, art investigation etc., make stronger and enhance the student's professional knowledge, expand professional visual field.
Test a teaching mold a piece.Integrate the course plays to show sex and verify sex, comprehensive, design experiment and become a set of integrity of experiment content of course system, make experiment teaching real become train the student practices ability and frontier spirit of main outlet.
Professional vocational training mold piece.The modern education technique developped a direction according to the student, enhanced a teacher education student application vocational training with tiny space teaching, enhance professional vocational training etc. of the art, athletics, raise the student's professional technical ability.
The society practices a mold piece.Complete military training and theories educates fulfillment link, increase fulfillment time and contents of the society inquisition, social experience, deepen a student to the social understanding, close student and social contact, train a student a society an orientation ability and study social ability and raise the student's comprehensive character.
The research trains a mold piece.Pay attention to the investigation of research ability, write the course thesis(design, creations), academic year thesis(design, creations), student to the student to attend a research to sign an item, student to participate teacher's research topic's etc. as development and investigate the important means of student's ability, investigate a student to begin ability, train a student to open an exhibition research fulfillment.With meticulous care guide graduation thesis(design, creations), strict management, strict pair of quality pass, promise that the talented person trains specification and quality.
Graduation field work mold piece.Concentrated time, pass education practice(teaching practice, form master work practice, education investigate, education reform in education experiment) and profession to practice, before graduate let the student go deep into physically, make use of professional knowledge and technical ability to work°out an actual problem, develop further it independently considers, independence work of ability.