英语中的主谓一致

Question

我的笔记丢了，麻烦帮忙找一下关于主谓一致的笔记

Answer 1

一、最基本的"主谓一致"规则　　初中课本中最基本的"主谓一致"规则是："单则单，复则复"，即主语为单数时，谓语动词也用相应的单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词也用相应的复数形式。例如：I am a teacher. We are teachers.　　但要注意：当表示时间、长度、距离、金钱、度量等词组作主语时，常将其看作是一个整体，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：Two years is quite a long time. Ten dollars is enough.另外，加减乘除也常当作整体对待，谓语动词也用单数形式。例如：Forty-one plus fifty-nine is one hundred. How much is ninety-nine minus sixty-two?　　二、集体名词作主语时，谓语动词的使用　　family, class, team等集体名词作主语时，若指一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；但若指其成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：The family is very big. Their family are watching TV now.　　三、neither... nor..., either...or..., not...but...，not only... but also...等连词连接两个主语时，谓语动词的使用　　这些连词连接两个名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语一致。例如：Neither he nor I know anything about it. Not only the students but also the teacher has visited the museum. 　　there be…结构也属于此类。例如：There is a teacher?蒺s desk, a blackboard, some desks and some chairs in the classroom.但要注意：both…and…表示"……和……都"，谓语动词一般用复数形式。例如：Both his father and mother are doctors.　　四、两个主语用and连接时，谓语动词的使用　　and连接两个名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。例如：Mary and Helen are good friends.但要注意：and连接的两个名词只表示一个概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：A singer and dancer is coming.一个歌手兼舞蹈家就要来了。　　五、politics, physics, works, the United States, news, maths等词作主语时，谓语动词的使用　　这类形式上为复数，意义上却是单数的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：The news is very exciting. Physics is a bit difficult for me.但要注意有些名词，如：people(人；人们), police等则是形式为单数，意义是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式。例如：People there are very friendly.　　六、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词的使用　　1. something, everything, anything, nothing, everybody, anybody, nobody, everyone, anyone等复合不定代词，以及either, neither(neither of), each (each of), each one, no one, another等代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Neither of the answers is right. Something is wrong with my computer.　　2. both, few, a few, many, several, others作主语，或它们所修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。例如：A few people can live to 100, but few can live to 150. Both of them are in my class. 　　七、with, as well as, like等修饰的单数名词作主语，谓语动词的使用　　单数名词作主语，且后面有with, as well as, like等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：The teacher with his students has gone to the library. Is the woman like you your mother? The instrument as well as other spare parts is going to be airlifted soon. (该仪器以及其它一些备用件不久将空运。)　　八、动词不定式(或动词不定式短语)，V-ing形式以及名词性从句作主语，谓语动词的使用　　动词不定式(或动词不定式短语)，V-ing形式以及名词性从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：To eat in a fast food restaurant is cheap and saves time. Climbing hills is good exercise. What interests the workers most is better wages and working conditions. (工人们最关注的是好的工资待遇和工作条件。)

Answer 2

1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 2 主谓一致中的就近原则 3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致 4 谓语需用单数 5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数 6 与后接名词或代词保持一致 　7 the+形容词/国籍形容词。表示一类人/一国人，作主语，谓语动词用复数。 　　8 the+姓氏的复数，表示一家人或两夫妇，作主语时，谓语动词用复数， 　　9 四则运算时，谓语动词用单数。 　　10 表示，(时间，距离，重量，金额，书名）的复数名词作主语时，通常当做整体看待，谓语动词用单数。 下面这个网址里有很祥的，把你需要的抄上就行了，有很多是大学里的，http://baike.baidu.com/view/84523.html?wtp=tt

参考资料：http://baike.baidu.com/view/84523.html?wtp=tt