以下 的 几道 英语语法题 是试卷的真题， 但 不是太明白 。。因为 错得太多了，希望能讲解以下。。谢谢

Question

1. Nearly two thousand years have passed ______ theChinese first invented the compass.
A. when B. before C. since D. after
我选的是a ，答案是c

3. ______ leisure was generally considered a waste oftime.
A. Not
until recently B. Not
recently C. Until
recently D.
Recently until
我选的是b ，答案是c
4. ______that this region was so rich in naturalresources.
A. Little
he knew B. Little
he did know C. Little
did he know D. Little
he had known
我选的是b ，答案是c
5. After a meal in a restaurant, one asks the waiterfor the ______.
A. pay B. bill C. charge D. note
我选的是c ，答案是b
6. If you are walking away from a clock tower, you will hearthe ticking of the clock fade to a point ______ it cannot be heard.
A. which B. what C. where D. how
我选的是a ，答案是c
8. For the whole period of two months, there ______ no rainin this area. Now the crops are dead.
A. is B. was C. has
been D. have
been
我选的是d ，答案是c
11. The ______ and more educated people in the East have, toa great extent, taken up the table manners and customs of the West.
A. rich B. richer C. poor D. poorer
我选的是a ，答案是b
12. ______ suggestions you make, he will turn a deaf ear tothem.
A. What B. Which C.
Whatever D.
However
我选的是d ，答案是c
13. Mr. Johnson, together with his wife and two daughters,____to arrive on the evening flight.
A. are going B. are C. will D. is
我选的是a ，答案是d
14. The meeting is for the ______ purpose of discussing howto prevent crime.
A.
detailed B.
specific C.
limited D.
sophisticated
我选的是a ，答案是b
17. By trading, both countries get good products from abroadfor ______they would cost if made at home.
A. less
than B. more
than C. little
than D. fewer
than
我选的是b ，答案是a
18. He was ______ by the army because of his poor eye-sight.
A.
rejected B.
stopped C.
declined D.
prevented
我选的是d ，答案是a
24. These shops normally ______ in old antique (古董)items, not in modern ones.
A. major B. pull C. specialize D. get
我选的是b ，答案是c
25. Physics is the equivalent of ______ used to be callednatural philosophy.
A. that B. all C. which D. what
我选的是c ，答案是d
26. The government uses opinion polls to learn what peoplethink about many social ______.
A. issues B.
subjects C.
questions D.
objects
我选的是b ，答案是a
27. Her father ______ nothing in her education that might
make her the most accomplished (有造诣的)
woman of the age.
A.
omitted B.
thought C. paid D.
thanked
我选的是b ，答案是a
28. Many difficulties have ______ as a result of the exchangeover to a new type of fuel.
A.
existed B. raised C. arisen D.
aroused
我选的是d ，答案是c
希望能解释讲解一下 ，真不明白。。谢谢

Answer 1

大部分并不是语法问题.........
1. Nearly two thousand years 【have passed】 ______ theChinese first invented the compass.
A. when B. before C. since D. after
句子时态为现在完成，时间状语用since+过去的某个时间，整句意思为：自从罗盘发明（到现在）已经有两千多年了。A是“...当” 你自己看看通吗？？

3. ______ leisure was generally considered a waste of time
A. Not until recently
B. Not recently
C. Until recently
D.Recently until
我选的是b ，答案是c
直到近期（当今社会），休闲被认为是浪费时间。这个看意思就行，不用解释语法
4. ______that this region was so rich in natural resources.

A. Little he knew
B. Little he did know
C. Little did he know
D. Little he had known
我选的是b ，答案是c
这是程度副词提前引起的部分倒装
5. After a meal in a restaurant, one asks the waiter for the ______.
A. pay B. bill C. charge D. note
我选的是c ，答案是b
这是纯词汇题，不是语法题。吃晚饭付账，要的是“账单”，charge名词意是“费用”，你吃完了饭，还问人家要钱？？太霸气了不是？
6. If you are walking away from a clock tower, you will hear the ticking of the clock fade to a point ______ it cannot be heard.
A. which B. what C. where D. how
我选的是a ，答案是c
定语从句内部的主语it指代的是the ticking of the clock ，显然从句内部缺少介词at the point的地点状语
8. For the whole period of two months, there ______ no rain in this area. Now the crops are dead.
A. is
B. was
C. has been
D. have been
我选的是d ，答案是c
这个我晕死了，时态都判断对了，主语是全否的no rain，当然是单数概念啊，就算rain本身也是不可数的单数概念啊
11. The ______ and more educated people in the East have, to a great extent, taken up the table manners and customs of the West.
A. rich B. richer C. poor D. poorer
我选的是a ，答案是b
更富有，更有教养，这是两个并列的，地位平等的定语啊，and连接，要一致，要平等！！
12. ______ suggestions you make, he will turn a deaf ear tothem.
A. What
B. Which
C.Whatever
D.However
我选的是d ，答案是c
C是无论什么，D是无论如何
无论你提【什么】建议，他都充耳不闻。能换成“如何”？
这也不是语法题.............
13. Mr. Johnson, together with his wife and two daughters,____to arrive on the evening flight.
A. are going B. are C. will D. is
我选的是a ，答案是d
真正的主语只有Mr.Johnson 一个人啊
14. The meeting is for the ______ purpose of discussing how to prevent crime.
A.detailed
B.specific
C.limited
D.sophisticated
我选的是a ，答案是b
还是词汇意思题，与语法无关，这次会议的（）目的是讨论如何防止犯罪。自己拿汉语试试...
“详细”的目的？？语文老师都不会同意吧？
17. By trading, both countries get good products from abroad for ______they would cost if made at home.
A. less than
B. more than
C. little than
D. fewer than
我选的是b ，答案是a
这也不是语法，句意没搞懂，贸易双方都获得了比自产要“（更）便宜”的货物。肯定是买比做便宜，才会去买啊....
18. He was ______ by the army because of his poor eye-sight.
A.rejected
B.stopped
C.declined
D.prevented
我选的是d ，答案是a
词汇辨析题，由于视力问题，他被军队“拒绝”
24. These shops normally ______ in old antique (古董)items, not in modern ones.
A. major B. pull C. specialize D. get
我选的是b ，答案是c
这些商店“主营”古董... pull in 是啥？“吸引”？？？
25. Physics is the equivalent of ______ used to be called natural philosophy.
A. that B. all C. which D. what
我选的是c ，答案是d
这是介词of的宾语从句，不是定语从句
26. The government uses opinion polls to learn what people think about many social ______.
A. issues
B.subjects
C.questions
D.objects
我选的是b ，答案是a
政府通过民意调查来了解民众对很多社会（）的看法。
“要点、问题”还是“话题、科目”更好？
不过这个还算错得不怎么离谱......
27. Her father ______ nothing in her education that might
make her the most accomplished (有造诣的)
woman of the age.
A.omitted
B thought
C.paid
D.thanked
我选的是b ，答案是a
句意，语法两方面都有问题，在教育方面，她的父亲没有（）任何能让她出类拔萃的东西。
A是忽略，B是考虑
你要选，他爹什么都不想？是亲爹吗？再说了，think不能直接跟代词宾语啊
28. Many difficulties have ______ as a result of the exchange over to a new type of fuel.
A. existed B. raised C. arisen D.aroused
词汇辨析题，C 出现，D 引起
困难“出现”，还是困难“引起”？

Answer 2

1.since引导从句的时候，通常主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，这道题在时态上符合这个规律，而且句意是：自从中国人发明了指南针之后已经过了将近两千年了
3.首先not是否定词，否定词放在句首，句子要进行倒装，所以不能选AB,其次B在句子里翻译不通。
这里的until recently就是个表示时间的状语，放在这句话的末尾可能更好理解：leisure was generally considered a waste of time until recently.
4.little 算否定词，放句首要半倒装，就是把助动词或be动词提前
5.charge是零钱，bill是账单。吃完饭后应该买单
6。定语从句中经常考point做先行词，where做关系副词引导定语从句的。
这句话中从句部分it can not be heard 不缺成分，所以不能选关系代词，要选关系副词
8.there be 句型谓语动词的单复数由后面的名词决定，这句话里rain是单数的，所以用has
11,。and 连接的是两个并列的部分，后面用的是more，前面蒙也得蒙richer。
中间的to a great extent “从很大程度上来说”是插入语，不是句子主要成分可以盖住不看。
12.不管你提什么建议，他都会充耳不闻的。 这里的“什么”不是好的坏的这样的，而是指建议的内容，所以用whatever,不用however
13.together后面是插入语，在两个逗号之间，不算句子主要成分，所以，主语就是Mr.Johnson
另外be to do 也表将来
14.specific 特定的，明确的 是说这个会议有着明确的目的，是要讨论怎样预防犯罪的。
detailed 是详细的
17.通过贸易往来，双方都能买到国外的好的产品，比在国内制作花的钱要少。
18.由于视力不好，他被军队拒绝了。 reject拒绝 prevent 预防
24.specialize 专门从事 pull 拉
25.of是介词，后面应该接宾语，所以这是个宾语从句，which不能引导宾语从句，what可以。
26.issue 问题，报刊的期号，发行物 subject 主题，课题 政府想要了解的应该是社会问题
27.omit 省略，遗漏 他的爸爸没有遗漏任何对她有造诣的教育上的东西。
28.arise-arose-arisen 出现，引起，及物不及物都有， arouse 引起，只有及物
句子中空的位置后面没有宾语，所以是不及物用法，只能选arise ，译为“问题产生了”