如前几位所说,这是现在进行时的被动语态,因为John是被照顾。
感觉你是对行在进行时的被动语态不了解,附相关讲解
另外,下面还有现在进行时的详细讲解。
巨长,慢慢看吧,学好英语有好处的。
首先,被动时态讲解(转自中国教育文摘)
一、也像其它时态由主动语态变被动语态一样,首先弄清楚用现在进行时的句子中哪些可以由主动语态变为被动语态。我们知道,在简单句的五个基本句型中,有三个基本句型(S+V+O,S+V+InO+DO,S+V+ O +OC)可以由主动语态变为被动语态;有两个基本句型(S+V,S+V+P)不能由主动语态变为被动语态。所以,当这三个基本句型(S+V+O,S+V+InO+DO,S+V+O+ OC)的谓语动词用了现在进行时时才有可能由主动语态变为被动语态。例如:
They are studying the milu deer at the research centre.(S+V+O)→
The milu deer are being studied at the research centre.
She is teaching the boy a lesson.(S+V+ InO +DO)→
The boy is being taught a lesson.
Now he is making the girl laugh.(S+V+O+OC)→
Now the girl is being made to laugh.
还应注意到一些动词很少用于被动语态,因此这些动词在句子谓语用了现在进行时时也常没有被动语态。如:We are having supper now.一般不能变为Supper is being had now.。
二、及物动词现在进行时由主动语态变被动语态时有三种句式:①主语(第一人称单数I)+am being +过去分词+其他成分;②主语(第二人称单、复数you,第一人称复数 we和第三人称复数they等)+are being +过去分词+其他成分;③主语(第三人称单数 he,she,it等)+is being +过去分词+其他成分。所以,当句子谓语动词用了现在进行时由主动语态变被动语态时谓语动词要由原来作宾语变为主语时的名(代)词的数来决定,从上面三种句式中选择合适的一种句式。例如:
They are collecting money for the broadband project.→
Money is being collected for the broad-band project.
They are not protecting some animals well enough.→
Some animals are not being protected well enough.
三、当变为主语的原来的宾语(名/代词)有较长的动词不定式短语(复合结构)、介词短语、从句修饰或有补足语时,动词不定式短语、介词短语、从句和补足语等,一般都仍然保留在原来的位置上。例如:
They are revising the laws to protect the rights of women and children.→
The laws are being revised to protect the rights of women and children.
They are writing a report about the negative effects of cell phones in school.→
A report is being written about the negative effects of cell phones in school.
Scientists are keeping a sick milu deer alive at the centre.→
A sick milu deer is being kept alive at the centre(by scientists).
四、如果用在现在进行时的句子中的谓语动词是动词短语或习惯用语,那么这个动词短语或习语只把动词变为被动语态,其他部分保持不变。例如:
The parents are taking good care of their test-tube baby.→
Their test-tube baby is being taken good care of(by the parents).
五、当用了现在进行时的句子结构是"S+V+In O+DO"句型时,既可以把间接宾语变为被动句的主语,也可以把直接宾语变为被动句的主语,但如果是后者,可根据动词的习惯用法,把间接宾语改写为to或for引起的介词短语。例如:
George is sending his friend's phone texts and pictures.→
His friend's phone is being sent texts and pictures(by George).
Texts and pictures are being sent to his friend's phone(by George).
She is making Toma new coat.→
Tom is being made a new coat.
A new coat is being made for Tom.
六、用了现在进行时的句子由主动语态变为被动语态后,原来充当主语的名/代词(特别是人称代词)在一般情况下可以省略掉,如果有必要强调时可用by表示,常放在句子后面。例如:
They are adding new functions to the phones.→
New functions are being added to the phones(by them).
Scientists are studying the life of the milu deer at present.→
The life of the milu deer is being studied at present by scientists.
七、当用了现在进行时的句子由主动语态变为被动语态后,其否定式的构成主要把 not放在谓语动词中第一个助动词(am ,are或is)后面构成,而疑问式的构成则是把句子谓语动词的第一个助动词(am,are或is)移到句子前(第一个字母要大写),然后在句子后面加上问号而成。例如:
New nature parks are being started in China.→
New nature parks are not being started in China.(否定式)
Milu deer are being sent to China from Britain.→
Are milu deer being sent to China from Britain?(疑问式)
如果是特殊疑问句还要在这个助词前面加上适当疑问词。例如:
Why is money being collected?
第二,现在进行时 讲解(转自东北教育网)
现在进行时:表示现在正在进行的动作,由“be动词 + 动词的现在分词”构成。
现在进行时的肯定句
句型
(1)第一人称:主语 + am + 现在分词 + ……
eg. I am watching TV. 我现在看电视。
(2)第三人称单数:主语 + is + 现在分词 + ……
eg. She is washing the dishes. 她正在洗澡。
(3)第二人称及复数人称:主语 + are + 现在分词 + ……
eg. They are playing games. 他们正在做游戏。
现在进行时的否定句
句型 主语 + 相应be动词 + not + 现在分词 + ……
eg. He isn't watching TV. 他没在看电视。
I am not cooking. 我没有在做饭。
We aren't haveing English calss. 我们没在上英语课。
◆注意◆ is not和are not可缩写为isn't和aren't。
现在进行时的一般疑问句
句型 相应be动词 + 主语 + 现在分词 + ……?
eg. Are you dancing? 他们正在跳舞吗?
Is he drawing a picture? 他正在画一张画吗?
Are you talking with your friend? 你正和你的朋友谈话吗?
现在进行一般疑问句的答语
句型
(1)肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + 相应be动词。
(2)否定回答:No, 主语 + 相应be动词 + not。
eg. Are you listening to the music? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. 你正在听音乐吗?是的,我正在听。/ 不,我没在听。
Is Aunt Wang knitting a sweater? No, she isn't. 王阿姨正织毛衣吗?不,她没有。
现在进行时的特殊疑问句
句型 特殊疑问词 + 相应be动词 + 主语 + 现在分词 + ……?
eg. What are you doing? 你正在干什么?
Who is singing a song? 谁在唱歌呢?
Why are they cleaning their room? 他们为什么在打扫房间?
现在进行时特殊疑问句的答语
回答特殊疑问时,根据不同的疑问词的情况来决定回答方式。回答what提问时,答语是现在进行时的肯定形式;回答who提问时,只需说明主语是谁,再加相应的be动词即可。
eg. What is he doing? He is writing a letter. 他正在干什么?他正在写信。
Who is swimming in the lake? Jim is. 谁正在湖里游泳?吉姆正在游泳。
现在进行时的用法
表示阶段或现在正在发生的动作。
eg. Look! He is flying a kite. 看,他正在放风筝。
It is raining now. 天正下着雨。
Don't make any noise. The baby is sleeping. 不要吵,孩子正在睡觉。
表示一个最近按计划或安排要进行的动作,可代替将来时,此时一定要与表示将来的时间状语连用;这样应用的主要动词有:go, come, leave, start, arrive, return等。
eg. Are you going to Tianjin tomorrow? 你明天去天津吗?
He is leaving for Beijing at eight tomorrow. 明天八点他要去北京。
动词现在进行时常与always搭配使用,表示反复出现或习惯性的动作,隐含说话人的赞扬、喜好或厌恶的情绪。
eg. He is always talking. 你老是说个没完没了。
She is always helping people. 她总乐于助人。
时间状语:now, these days, recently等。如果句子中出现提示语,如look,listen等也经常用现在进行时。
要特别注意有些动词没有进行时态
1、表示状态、思想、感情和感觉的动词,如:see, hear, love, know, want, hope, think等,没有进行时态。
2、当have/has作为“拥有”时,没有进行时态,但表示“开会,吃饭,玩得高兴”等意思时,可以用进行时表达。
eg. I am having many books. (这是错误的句子)
I am having a good time. (这才是正确的句子)
动词的现在分词形式构成方法
情况 构成 动词原形 现在分词形式
一般动词原形结尾 加-ing go Going
ask asking
以不发音的字母e结尾 去e加-ing write writing
close closing
以重读闭音节结尾 双写末尾字母 dig digging
如末尾只有一个 加-ing begin beginning
辅音字母 put putting
参考资料:中国教育文摘 / 东北教育网