tell sb do sth和tell sb to do sth的区别是什么?

如题所述

首先我们来看下tell sb doing sth和tell sb to do sth的大致意思:

tell sb doing sth:词性为短语,tell:告诉;sb:某人;doing:正在做;sth:某事

tell sb to do sth:词性为短语,tell:告诉;sb:某人;to do:做某事;sth:某事

通过下面的表格我们了解下tell sb doing sth和tell sb to do sth的含义、发音和用法


接下来让我们看下tell sb doing sth和tell sb to do sth的用法区别:


1.语法结构:tell sb doing sth是tell和doing构成的动名词结构,表示告诉某人正在进行的动作或状态。tell sb to do sth是tell和to do构成的不定式结构,表示告诉某人应该做的动作。

例子:

- I told him waiting for your reply.

(我告诉他正在等待你的回复。)

- They told me to buy food.

(他们告诉我去购买食物。)



2.动作性质:tell sb doing sth强调被告知的动作是正在进行的,有一定的持续性;tell sb to do sth强调被告知的动作是一次性的,没有持续性。

例子:

- She told me cooking.

(她告诉我在做饭。)

- He told me to go see him tomorrow.

(他告诉我明天去见他。)



3.口语表达:tell sb doing sth多用于非正式场合或口语,常用于口头交流;tell sb to do sth较为正式,用于书面语或正式场合。

例子:

- He ran up to me telling me he found a job.

(他跑来告诉我他找到了工作。)

- The teacher told the students to be quiet.

(老师告诉学生安静。)



4.动作顺序:tell sb doing sth强调告知的动作在某个动作之前发生;tell sb to do sth强调告知的动作发生在某个动作之后。

例子:

- He told me resting after finishing the task.

(他告诉我完成任务后再休息。)

- He told me to go buy the materials first.

(他告诉我先去购买材料。)

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