哪些形容词后不定式的主动形式表示被动?(举个6、7个)

如题所述

一。常见的系动词look (看起来),sound (听起来),taste (尝起来),smell (闻起来),feel(感到),go (变得),grow (变得)等。

二、一些不能接宾语的动词短语也没有被动语态。
1.The war broke out in 1937.(break out,爆发)
2.The story took place in a small mountain village.(发生,take place)

三、甚至有些及物动词和可以接宾语的动词短语要看他们作什么意思讲,有时也只能有主动语态而不宜于用被动语态。
1.We have six classes every day. (have,上课)
2.The hall can hold more than 500 people. (held,容纳)
3.The project lasted 14 years and cost I billion US dollars.(last,延续)
4.No dish suits all tastes. (suit,适合)
类似的还有fit ,catch ,get ,take ,own ,meet 等。

四、而有些动词和短语兼有及物和不及物两种用法,所以前者有被动语态,而后者没有。
1.He serves in the Navy Department. (服役,不及物)
2.Hamburger is served in this restaurant. (供应,及物)
3.The plane toke off at eight last night. (起飞,不及物)
类似的还有look into (作往里看,不及物;作调查、研究,及物) look up (作好转,不及物;作查阅,及物)等。

五、而如果及物动词后的宾语是反身代词,相互代词;或者宾语前面有和主语同一人物的物主代词;或者是同源宾语的动词,也常常不能转换为被动语态。例如:
1.The thief hid himself behind the door . (宾语为反身代词)
2.We should learn from each other. (宾语为相连代词)

六、带宾语从句的句子常常没有被动语态
1.Marx found that his English was too limited.
2.I don’t know where he lives.
但是,如果主句的谓语动词是believe ,say ,know ,report 等,且宾语从句是由that
or
whether引起的,则常可以用It is believed (say ,know ,report) that (whether)的句型。

七、有些及物动词有其习惯性用法,常用主动代替被动:
1.It is a pretty material ,but it doesn’t wash.
比较:My shirt is usually washed by myself.
2.
The new Ford is selling badly.
比较:All newspapers have been sold out.
类似的还有clean ,lock ,write ,play ,start ,cut等。

八、最后要说的是另一种情况:英语中有不少动词及动词短语常用被动形式来表示主动的含义。
1.
Be seated, please!
2.
We must be prepared for the worst.
类似的还有be determined to ,be absorbed in , be gone , be married to , be hidden , be interested in
……and
advanced mathematics ,experienced school , learned man 等中这些定语用的过去分词也是用过去分词表主动。
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第1个回答  2013-04-17
不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的几种常见结构 (1)动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系,不定式的主动形式表示被动含义. I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. 今天下午我有许多事情要做。(to do与things是动宾关系,与I是主谓关系。) I'll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? 我要去邮局。你有信要寄吗?(post与主语you之间不存在主被动关系,只和前面letter构成动宾关系。) (2)在某些"形容词+不定式"作表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义.这些形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。 This problem is difficult to work out. 这个问题很难计算出来。 (3)too...to do, enough to do结构中的不定式。 This book is too expensive(for me)to buy. 这本书太贵,我买不起。 The problem is easy enough to solve. 这个问题很容易解决。 (4)be to blame常用主动表示被动。 who is to blame for the accident? 谁应为这个事故负责任? (5)在“there be+名词+to do”结构中,不定式和句中的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,如果强调的是必须由人完成某件事时,不定式多用主动形式;如果强调事情本身必须被完成时,则用被动式。 there is a lot of homework to do. 有许多家庭作业要做。 Are there any more clothes to be washed? 还有其他的衣服要洗吗? I'm going to Beijing. Do you have anything ___to your son? A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. taken 解析:句意:我要去北京,你有什么东西要带给你的儿子吗?此处应用动词不定式的被动形式。 答案:B.
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