英语中常见的Phrasal Verbs约有几百个,通常有两种分类方式:按动词分类或按小品词分类。个人偏好小品词分类,因其能避免讲解混淆。今日聚焦小品词“out”。
“out”是英语高频词汇,意为“向外,外面”。与常见动词组合,其含义丰富。
1. Be out:外在或缺乏,例:“I'm out of office now.”(我不在办公室);“Jane is out of money.”(简没钱了);“I'm out.”(我退出了,也可指我离开了)。
2. Ask...out:邀请某人出来或浪漫约会,例:“Peter always wants to ask Jane out on a date.”(彼得总想邀请简约会)。
3. Back out:退出协议,例:“They backed out of the deal the day before signing.”(他们前一天退出了交易)。
4. Black out:大面积停电或失去通讯,例:“The typhoon blacked out the entire island.”(台风使整个岛屿停电);失去记忆,例:“John blacked out after drinking vodka.”(约翰喝酒后失去记忆)。
5. Carry out:实施计划或方案,例:“The major decided to carry out a plan to improve Beijing's air quality.”(市长决定实施改善北京空气质量的计划)。
6. Check out:查询或验证信息,例:“I need to check this idea on Google.”(我需要在Google上验证这个想法);宾馆退房,例:“We have to check out by 12PM.”(我们需在中午12点前退房)。
7. Come out:指同性恋者公开性取向,例:“Jack is afraid to come out due to his religious parents.”(杰克担心因宗教信仰保守的父母而不敢公开性取向)。
8. Creep out:因不适当眼神或行为让人生厌,例:“The old man is totally creeping me out.”(那老男人让我感到不适)。
9. Fill out:填写表格或文档,例:“Please fill out these forms carefully before submitting.”(请仔细填写这些表格)。
10. Find out:发现信息,例:“I accidentally found out that my cousin was adopted.”(我意外得知我的堂兄是领养的)。
11. Freak out:受到惊吓或使他人惊吓,例:“It was just a cat, no need to freak out.”(那只是只猫,不必大惊小怪)。
12. Go out:与人恋爱,例:“Tom has been going out with Jenny for half a year.”(汤姆和珍妮交往了半年)。
13. Hang out:与人相聚或待在某地,例:“I love hanging out with friends on weekends.”(我爱在周末与朋友们相聚)。
14. Knock out:击倒或快速生产,例:“He nearly knocked me out.”(他差点把我击倒);“The DJ knocked out five albums in two years.”(该DJ两年内制作出五张专辑)。
15. Make out:感知或情侣亲密行为,例:“I could barely make out what he was saying.”(我几乎听不清他在说什么);“I'll take drugs, do shots, and make out in parking lots.”(我将吃药、注射、并在停车场进行情侣亲密行为)。
16. Pass out:昏厥,例:“I was hit on the head and passed out.”(我被击中头部后昏厥);歌曲名“Pass Out”。
17. Put out:灭火、给他人带来不便或同意性行为,例:“The fire fighters put out the fire.”(消防员扑灭了火灾);“Would you put me out by letting her visit?”(你是否介意她来访问我);“Joe is dumping his girlfriend because she won't 'put out' for him.”(乔的女朋友拒绝与他发生性关系)。
18. Sell out:商品售罄,例:“Ed Sheeran's concert was sold out within a day.”(爱德·希兰的演唱会一天内售罄);“Sold-out”指售罄,例:“Ed Sheeran had five consecutive sold-out concerts.”(爱德·希兰连续五场演唱会售罄)。
19. Sort out:整理事物或解决问题,例:“I spent a day sorting out my books.”(我花了一天整理书籍);“The two countries sorted out their dispute.”(两国解决了争端)。
20. Take out:请客消费或外卖,例:“I want to take you out for sushi this weekend.”(这个周末我想带你去吃寿司);“Would you like to eat in or take out?”(你想要在这里吃还是外卖?);“Takeout”指外卖食品。
21. Watch out:小心,例:“Watch out! Two dogs are coming.”(小心!有两只狗过来了)。
22. Wipe out:彻底摧毁,例:“The atomic bomb wiped out the city.”(原子弹摧毁了整个城市)。
23. Work out:锻炼身体或计算结果,例:“I like to take a hot bath after working out.”(锻炼后我喜欢泡热水澡);“How come my result differs from yours?”(为什么我的结果与你的不同?);“They finally worked out the problem and signed the contract.”(他们解决了问题并签署了合同)。
24. Turn out:意外结果,例:“The lottery I thought I won turned out to be a scam.”(我误以为中奖的彩票其实是骗局)。
25. Figure out:搞清楚或理解,例:“I'm trying to figure out the best weight loss method without exercising.”(我正在尝试找出最有效的减肥方法,无需运动)。
26. Cut...out:排除或闭嘴,例:“The coach cut him out of the team.”(教练将他排除在队伍之外);“Would you cut the crap and get to the point quickly?”(请直接说重点)。
27. Leave...out:排除某人或某事,例:“They always leave her out of the conversation.”(他们总是在对话中忽略她)。
28. Set out:明确行动目标,例:“I set out to write 100 articles by the end of the year.”(我计划在年底完成100篇文章)。
29. Sneak out:逃走或偷偷离开,例:“I sneaked out of the meeting.”(我悄悄离开了会议)。
30. Reach out:努力联系某人,例:“The mayor reached out to the community for their involvement.”(市长主动联系社区成员,寻求参与)。
31. Wear out:磨损或使人疲惫,例:“My sneakers are worn out after hiking.”(徒步旅行后,我的运动鞋磨损了);“This project is wearing me out.”(这个项目让我疲惫不堪)。
32. Break out:事件爆发或逃离,例:“War broke out in 1914.”(1914年爆发了战争);“They broke out of prison and fled.”(他们越狱并逃走了)。
33. Try out:尝试或选秀,例:“He was lucky to try out Tesla's new model.”(他有幸尝试特斯拉的新车型);“NBA's annual选秀大会是tryouts。”(NBA每年的选秀大会被称为tryouts)。
34. Drop out:退学,例:“Bill Gates dropped out of Harvard.”(比尔·盖茨从哈佛大学退学);“Harvard dropout”指退学者,例:“Bill Gates is a Harvard dropout.”(比尔·盖茨是哈佛大学的退学者);侃爷的专辑《The College Dropout》(大学辍学者)。
35. Stand out:表现杰出,例:“One applicant stood out from the rest.”(一位申请者在其他人中脱颖而出);“Outstanding”形容词,指表现杰出或出类拔萃,例:“She's outstanding in her field.”(她在她的领域中表现出色)。
本文精选了包含“out”的35个高频动词短语,旨在帮助读者理解和运用。欢迎在评论区补充遗漏的短语。为了学习这些动词短语,已制作Memrise伴侣课程,包含中英文注释和例句,利用SRS系统助你掌握。获取课程链接,请关注“智用英语”公众号,回复“动词短语”。下期课程将探讨与“out”反义词“in”相关的动词短语,敬请期待。
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