to do 和doing做主语的区别

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

一、形式不同：

不定式短语和动名词做主语时，常常为了保持句子的平衡，用it来做形式主语。如果主语用了不定式，表语和宾语也要用不定式；主语用了动名词，表语和宾语也要用动名词，这在英语中称为对称性。

二、表示不同：

不定式作主语常表示具体的某一动作；表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念时，多用动名词；在”There/It+be+nouse（good/help/need）”之后常用动名词做主语，而少用不定式，但是如果该句型中用了for引出不定式的逻辑主语，就只能用不定式。

用法：

强调句则不同，它的结构是：It+be+被强调部分+that+从句

强调主语：It is the times that produce their heroes.时势造英雄

强调宾语：It is English that Prof.Lin teaches us.

强调状语：It was in shanghai that I saw the film.

判断是否是强调句有一个方法，就是将that以后的“句子的其余部分”拿出来单独看，看有没有缺成分，缺的是什么成分，再把谓语动词后面that前面的那部分，带到你认为缺成分的地方，如果放进去是一句完整的句子了，那就说明是强调句。

以上内容参考：百度百科-主语从句

Answer 2

Ⅰ.动名词和不定式做主语的相同点
1.不定式短语和动名词做主语时，常常为了保持句子的平衡，用it来做形式主语，如：
It is not easy to learn English well.
It is no use asking him for help.
2.如果主语用了不定式,表语和宾语也要用不定式;主语用了动名词,表语和宾语也要用动名词,这在英语中称为对称性,如:
To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. (眼见为实)
(85)It is better to stay home than _A__ out.
A. to go B. going C. go D. gone
Ⅱ.动名词和不定式做主语的不同点
1.不定式做主语常表示具体的某一动作;表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念时,多用动名词,如:
(92)_B_ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk
2.在”There/It +be+ no use(good/help/need)”之后常用动名词做主语,而少用不定式,如:
It /There is no use crying over the split milk.
It /There is no help taking this medicine.
★但是如果该句型中用了for引出不定式的逻辑主语,就只能用不定式,如:
(93) There is no good for us to do that exercise.
3.不定式可以和when, where, how, what, whether等连用,在句子中做主语,宾语和表语,而动名词则不能,如:
How to solve the problem is a hot potato.
Where to put the box seems hard to decide.
Whether to do it hasn’t been decided.
What to do next is up to you.
连接上还有许多，可以借鉴

参考资料：http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/30827430.html?fr=ala0

本回答被提问者采纳

Answer 3

to
do和doing
作主语的区别
1
）一般来说，表示比较抽象的行为动作时多用动名词
doing
；表示比较具体的
某次行为动作时多用不定式
to
do
。如：
No
smoking
is
permitted
here.
It
is
not
very
good
for
you
to
smoke
so
much.
Reading
more
is
necessary.
It
is
quite
necessary
to
read
it
again.
2
）在许多情况下，两者可以互换，意义上没有太大的差别。如：
Seeing
him
happy
made
me
happy
too.
It
made
me
happy
to
see
him
happy.
It
is
useless
learning
something
without
practising
it.
It
is
useless
to
learn
something
without
practising
it.
3
）不定式
to
do
作主语时，常使用形式主语结构；而动名词
doing
作主语时，
较少用形式主语结构，只有在
It
is
no
good,
It
is
no
use,
It
is
useless,
It
is
worthwhile
等句型中出现
it
作形式主语现象。如：
It
is
hard
to
make
him
change
him
mind.
It
is
not
an
easy
thing
to
master
a
language.
How
would
it
be
to
start
tomorrow?
It
took
all
his
strength
to
move
out
of
the
crowds.
It
seemed
a
pity
to
give
up
the
chance.
Business
is
business
and
it
will
not
do
to
be
so
careless.
It
is
no
good
pretending
to
know
what
you
don't
know.
It
is
no
use
regretting
the
past.
It
is
worthwhile
learning
another
language.
4
）在
there
is
no
...
句型中的主语只能用动名词
doing
，并且不能带逻辑主语。
如：
There
is
no
denying
the
fact.
Well,
you
have
said
it
and
there
is
no
taking
it
back.
上述句子的意思如用不定式
to
do
则分别为：
It
is
impossible
to
deny
the
fact.
Well,
you
have
said
it
and
it
is
impossible
for
you
to
take
it
back.
5
）
doing
作主语时强调的是做那件事的状态，而
to
do
作主语时主要表示一般
现在时或者是将来时的事情

Answer 4

to do主要用来表示一次性具体性将要发生性的行为。其逻辑主语暗中有所指。
doing主要用来表示经常性习惯性抽象性发生的行为。其逻辑主语暗中无所指。
To play with fire is dangerous.指有人要玩火。将要发生性
playing with fire is dangerous.教育性宣传。抽象性
To see is to believe.指有人要撒谎。一次性将要发生性
Seeing is believing.教育性宣传。经常性抽象性。
I like to swim in the river.一次具体性
I like swimming.经常性反复性

Answer 5

to do表示一次性，或将要进行的动作
doing表示经常性或已发生的动作