小学英语语法知识要点总结

如题所述

  小学英语语法知识要点总结 篇1

  一、一般将来时

  1) shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。

  will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在争求意见时常用于第二人称。

  Which paragraph shall I read first.

  Will you be at home at seven this evening?

  2) be going to +不定式,表示将来。

  a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。

  What are you going to do tomorrow?

  b. 计划,安排要发生的事。

  The play is going to be produced next month。

  c. 有迹象要发生的事

  Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.

  3) be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。

  We are to discuss the report next Saturday.

  4) be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事。

  He is about to leave for Beijing.

  注意:be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

  一、一般过去时的用法

  1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

  时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now?

  2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。

  When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

  Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

  3)句型:

  It is time for sb. to do sth "到时间了" "该了"

  It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该了"

  It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。

  It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。

  would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示宁愿某人做某事

  Id rather you came tomorrow.

  4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。

  小学英语语法知识要点总结 篇2

  一、序数词——由基数词转变而来,表示“这是第几个”

  1.口诀巧记基数词变序数词:“一、二、三,要全变;其余都加th;th里有例外;八去“t”;九去“e”;“ve”要用“f”替,见“y”变成“i”和“e”,词尾加上“th”;若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。”第一、第二、第三分别:first,second,third,eight—eighth nine—ninth,five—fifth,twelve—twelfth,twenty—twentieth,forty—fortieth,twenty-five—twenty-fifth。

  2.序数词有时用缩写形式:

  阿拉伯数字+序数词末尾两个字母(只有1st,2nd;3rd为特殊形式,其他都是th)

  二、序数词的基本用法

  1.序数词在句子中时,前面一般要加定冠词:

  如:I like the second dog.

  2.有时前面可以加一个不定冠词a/an来表示“再一”, “又一”这样的`意思:

  We’ll have to do it a second time.

  3.基数词也可以表示顺序,要将基数词放在名词之后:

  the first part------part one

  the third lesson------lesson three

  小学英语语法知识要点总结 篇3

  1.简单句(simple sentence)

  简单句只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语动词(或并列谓语动词)。例如:

  The whole village came out to welcome him home.

  The temperature and pressure are controlled and adjusted with these switches.

  2.并列句(compound sentence )

  并列句是由等立连词或分号把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起。例如:

  An urgent telegram was sent to her husband and she was waiting for a reply.

  You can’t count on him to help; he is such a busy man.

  3. 复合句(complex sentence)

  复合句,即主从复合句,是有关联词连接主句和从句构成的。例如:

  Whether we go or not has not been decided.

  It shocked me that Peter did not tell anybody where he was. I don’t doubt that he can do a good job of it.

  小学英语语法知识要点总结 篇4

  Unit 1

  1. the first day 第一天

  2. the new term 新学期

  3. all the students 所有学生

  4. at school 在学校

  5. each other 互相

  6. a new building 一幢新教学楼

  7. a lot of rooms 许多房间

  8. how many 多少

  9. two reading rooms两间阅览室

  10. have a look 看一看

  11. go and play 去玩

  12. go and see. 去看看

  13. go and have a look 看一看

  14. a lot of flowers and trees 许多花和树

  15. good idea 好主意

  16. in the street 在街道上

  17. on the plate 在盘子里

  18. on the table 在桌子上

  句子

  1. Is there a garden in the school? No, there isn’t.

  学校里有个花园吗?不,没有。

  2. Is there a reading room near the playground? Yes, there is.

  操场附近有个阅览室吗?是的。

  3. Are there any bookcases near the window? No, there aren’t.

  窗子附近有一些书橱吗?不,没有。

  4.Are there any pictures on the desk? Yes, there are. 课桌上有一些图片吗?是的。

  5. How many TV rooms are there in the building? There are four.

  大楼里有几间电视房?有四间。

  6. I’m not sure.我不能确定。

  Unit 2

  1. my parents 我的父母

  2. live in a new house 住在新房子里

  3. near her school 在她的学校旁边

  4. very much 非常

  5. a large sitting-room 一个大客厅

  6. in your bedroom 在你的卧室

  7. some dolls 一些洋娃娃

  8. a map of the world 一张世界地图

  9. on the wall 在墙上

  10. behind the door 在门后面

  11. in the cat’s mouth在猫的嘴里

  12. look happy 看上去高兴

  13. in the afternoon 在下午

  14. in the music room 在音乐室里

  15. near the bed 在床边

  16. on the desk 在桌上

  17. in Picture 1 在图片1

  18. the rabbit in the black hat 带着黑帽子的那只兔子

  句子

  1. What’s between the chairs? There’s a telephone between the chairs.

  椅子中间有什么?椅子中间有个电话机。

  2. What’s on the table? There are some glasses on the table.

  桌子上有什么?桌子上有些玻璃杯。

  3.There isn’t a pencil on the desk. 课桌上没有一支铅笔。

  4.There aren’t any pictures on the wall. 墙上没有任何图片(复数)。

  Unit 3

  1. have a Music lesson 上音乐课

  2. sing a song 唱一首歌

  3. play the violin 拉小提琴

  4. listen to 听

  5. follow me 跟着我

  6. sing it together 一起唱

  7. make a puppet 做木偶

  8. make a model plane 做模型飞机

  小学英语语法知识要点总结 篇5

  1:“first”是序数词,与“the”相连,解释为第一。

  2:像“first,term,world”作为词组出现时前面要加“the”。

  3:“all”所有;后面的可数名词用复数形式,be动词用“are”。

  4:“any”一些;用在否定句和一般疑问句中,与“some”同义。“some”用在肯定句中。

  5:there be+数词,采用“就近原则”。

  6:a map of China 与 a map of the world 要牢记。

  7:要用“on the wall”,不能用“in the wall”。门、窗在墙上才能用“in the wall”。

  8:can 后+动词原形。

  9:play+the+乐器; play+球类;

  10:like的用法

  11:动词变动名词形式方法:

  A--直接在动词后面+ing形式(大多数)。

  B--以不发音的“e”结尾的,要去掉e后再+ing,比如:dancing,making,riding。

  C--重读be音节,末尾只有一个辅音,须双写末尾的字母后再+ing,如:running,swimming,sitting,putting。

  12:现在进行时的构成:be动词+动词ing形式。标志:now、look、listen、its time to。

  13:现在进行时的一般疑问句 /问--be动词+人称+时态(动词ing)

  答--Yes,he/She/it is/am/are. No,he/She/it isnt/arent/am not.

  14:用Are you...? Yes,I am/ we are. No,Im not/We arent.

  15: 动词后+人称宾格形式.

  16:一般现在时的构成:第三人称单数(三单)。要注意:后面的动词+s或es。

  特例:have→has do→dose go→goes; 标志:often,usually。

  17:有些名词变动词时要变形式,例如:teacher→teach;driver→drive.

温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考
第1个回答  2023-03-08
一、 名词类
1. 这些女老师们在干什么?
[误] What are the woman teachers doing?
[正] What are the women teachers doing?
[析] 在英语中,当一个名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时,作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式; 但当man, woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时,要用其复数形式men, women.

2. 房间里有多少人?
[误] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作“人、人们”解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。

3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。
[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.
[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.

[析] 表示不可数名词的数量时,常用“a / an或数词+表量的可数名词+ of + 不可数名词”这一结构,其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。

二、 动词类
4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?
[误] What time does your sister usually goes to school?
[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?
[析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时,句中的谓语动词用其原形。

5. 琳达晚上经常做作业,但今晚她在看电视。
[误] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV.
[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.

[析] 一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常和often, usually, sometimes 等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中,若主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行

或发生的动作,现在进行时由be(am / is / are)+v-ing形式构成。

6. 这双鞋是红色的。
[误] This pair of shoes are red.
[正] This pair of shoes is red.
[析] 在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时,谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。

三、 代词类
7. 这张票是她的,不是我的。
[误] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.
[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.
[析] 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。

8. 吴老师教我们英语。
[误] Miss Wu teaches our English.
[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.
[析] teach sb. sth.中的sb.作teach的宾语,因此当sb.为人称代词时要

用其宾格形式。

四、 介词类
9. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗?
[误] Can you find the answer of this question?
[正] Can you find the answer to this question?
[析] 英语中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。类似结构还有the key to the door, the way to the zoo等。

10. 格林先生星期六上午来这里。
[误] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.
[正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.
[析] 表示在上午、下午等时,介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时,介词要用on.

11. 那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。
[误] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[析] 用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时,只能用in,其他介词没有此用法。

五、 副词类
12. 莉莉,你为什么不回家呢?
[误] Lily, why don’t you go to home?
[正] Lily, why don’t you go home?
[析] come, go 等后接here, there, home等地点副词时,地点副词前不加to。

六、 连词类
13. 我喜欢语文和英语,但我不喜欢体育和历史。
[误] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. and history.
[正] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. or history.
[析] 在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接;而在否定句中,并列成分之间的连接需用or。

七、 冠词类
14. 乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。
[误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.
[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.
[析] 1. 表示“……一家人”用结构“the + 姓氏复数”;

2. hour 一词的第一个字母不发音,它是以元音音素开头,所以“一小时”要用 an hour;
3. 用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时,交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。

八、 句法类
15. ―你不是学生吗? ―不,我是学生。
[误] ―Aren’t you a student? ―No, I am.
[正] ―Aren’t you a student? ―Yes, I am.
[析] 对否定疑问句的回答是用Yes还是用No,这取决于实际情况:如果事实是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事实是否定的,就用No表“是的”。
相似回答