关于定语从句

就是什么时候可以省略关系代词,such as
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定语从句专题复习
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose(一般指人),which(指物),that(指人或物)等和关系副词where(地点),when(时间),why(原因)等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。
This is the scientist who will give us a talk on space.
这就是要给我们讲有关太空知识的科学家,句中划线部分是定语从句,修饰先行词scientist。从句中的who是关系代词,由它引导定语从句,一方面起连接先行词和定语的作用,另一方面在从句中作主语。
一、由who,whom,whose引导的定语从句。
这类定语从句中who用作主语,whom作宾语,whose作定语。例:
This is the man who helped me. 这就是帮了我的人。
The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.
你正在寻找的医生在房里。
Do you know the man whose name is Li Ping?
你认不认识叫李平的那个人?
二、由which引导的定语从句 。
Which在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。例:
This is the book which you want. 这就是你想要的那本书。
The room in which there is a machine is our work place.
放在机器的那个房间是我们的工作室。
注意:whom,which作介词宾语时,介词一般可放在which之前,也可放在从句原来的位置上,在含有介词的动词固定词组中,介词只能放在原位。例:
This is the person whom you are looking for. 这正是你在找的人。
引导非限制性定语从句时,关系代词往往用which,不用that。
例: I have lost my pen, which I like very much.我丢失了我的钢笔,我非常喜欢的那支。
三、由that引导的定语从句。
That在定语从句中可以指人或物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语,但不能放在介词后作介词宾语。
例:The letter that I received was from my father.
我收到的那封信是我父亲寄来的。
Is this the driver that you talked about yesterday ?
这就是你们昨天谈到的那个司机吗?
注意以下几种必须用that引导的定语从句:
先行词是不定代词:all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything. 等。例:
All that we have to do is to practice every day.
我们每天不得不做的就是练习。
Is there anything that you want to buy in town?
你在城里有什么东西要买吗?
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰。例:
The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
我上的第一节课将永远不会忘记。
Dick is the most clever student that I have ever known.
迪克是我认识的学生中最聪明的一个。
先行词被all, any every, few, little, no, some等修饰。例:
I have read all the books that you gave me.我已经看完了所有你给我的书。
先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰。例:
He is the only person that E want to talk to.他是唯一我想与之交谈的人。
先行词既有人又有物时。例:
They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.他们谈到所记得的学校中的人和事。
四、由when, where, why引导的定语从句。
I know the reason why he came late.我知道他迟到的原因。
This is the place where we live for 5years. 这是我们住了5年的地方。
I’ll never forget the day when I met Mr. Liu. 我忘不了遇到刘老师的那天。
注:先行词是表地点时,有时用where,有时用that引导定语从句,这要看从句中的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的,是及物的就用that(which),否则用where。例:
This is the house where he lived last year. 这就是他去年住的那个房子。
This is the house that(which) he visited last year. 这就是他去年去过的那个房子
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第1个回答  2006-11-11
such as做关系代词永远不省略。
能省略的是who which等的关系代词。
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