tell sb to do sth 和 tell sb do sth 都表示告诉某人做某事,tell sb to do sth 强调告诉某人应该做什么具体动作或行为,而 tell sb do sth 强调告诉某人正在进行的具体行动或状态。它们在释义、用法、使用环境、影响范围和形象上存在一些区别,具体内容如下所示。
1. 释义区别:
tell sb to do sth: 告诉某人应该做某事,后面接动词不定式。
tell sb do sth: 告诉某人正在进行的某事,后面接动词原形(即省略了to)。
例句:
He told me to wait outside the room.(他告诉我在房间外等候。)
She told them leave the building immediately.(她告诉他们立即离开大楼。)
2. 用法区别:
tell sb to do sth: 强调告诉某人应该做什么动作或行为。
tell sb do sth: 强调告诉某人正在进行的具体行动或状态。
例句:
The teacher told the students to be quiet in the library.(老师告诉学生们在图书馆保持安静。)
My mom told me clean my room before dinner.(我妈妈告诉我在晚饭前清理我的房间。)
3. 使用环境区别:
tell sb to do sth: 常用于表达指示、建议、命令等正式的语言场景。
tell sb do sth: 常用于口语和非正式的语言场合。
例句:
The boss told his employees to finish the report by the end of the day.(老板告诉员工们必须在今天结束前完成报告。)
She told her friends meet at the coffee shop after work.(她告诉她的朋友下班后在咖啡店见面。)
4. 影响范围区别:
tell sb to do sth: 强调指示指令的范围只包括某人应该做的具体动作。
tell sb do sth: 强调告诉某人正在进行的具体行为或状态。
例句:
The coach told the team to practice harder.(教练告诉球队要更加努力地训练。)
She told her daughter not eat too many sweets.(她告诉她的女儿不要吃太多糖果。)
5. 形象区别:
tell sb to do sth: 语气更加正式和命令式。
tell sb do sth: 语气相对更加口语化和自然。
例句:
The teacher told the students to complete the assignment by tomorrow.(老师告诉学生们明天之前要完成作业。)
My friend told me leave a message if he's not available.(我的朋友告诉我如果他不在的话就留言。)