埃及众神的英语介绍

Question

拜托了……网上没找到，大家有的话，帮帮忙。不用很多，只要那几个主神的就可以了……谢谢~

Answer 1

埃及众神
【九柱神(Ennead)】:埃及神话中的九位主要神祗.
拉(Ra):主神,太阳神.其形象与阿蒙结合在一起.
休(Shu):风神.
泰芙努特(Tefnut):雨水之神.
盖布(Geb):大地之神.
努特(Nuit):天空之神.
欧西里斯(Osiris):冥王
伊西斯(Isis):自然和丰收女神.
赛特(Seth):沙漠，风暴，暴乱和邪恶之神
奈芙蒂斯(Nephthys):死者的守护神.
【主要的神】
阿蒙(Ammon):主神.
阿吞(Aton):朝之太阳神.
阿图姆(Atum):暮之太阳神,拉的别名.
荷鲁斯/荷拉斯(Horus):法老的守护神,王权的象征.外形为鹰头人身.
阿努比斯(Anubis):死神.外形为豺头人身.
姆特（Mut/Golden Dawn，Auramooth）:阿蒙之妻，司掌战争,外形为狮子.
孔斯（Khons/Chons）：阿蒙与姆特之子，月神，亦司掌医药。
敏（Min/Menu，Amsu）：旅行者的守护神，亦司掌生产及收获。
莫（Month/Mentu，Men Thu）：司战争，外形为鹰首人身。
图特（Thoth）：智慧之神。
【 动物神】
贝斯特/巴斯苔特（Bast/Bastet）：猫神。
艾德乔（Edjo）：蛇神，下埃及的象征及守护神。
海奎特（Heqet）：蛙神。
凯布利（Khepri）：圣甲虫。
克奴姆（Khnum）：公羊神。
沙提（Sati）：大象之神。
塞克荷迈特（Sekhmet）：母狮之神。
塞勒凯特（Selket）：蝎子之神。
索贝克（Sobek）：鳄鱼之神。
【 其他神】
安穆凯（Anuket）：水神。
阿匹斯（Apis）：司丰饶及生产之神，外形为公牛。
贝斯（Bes）：乐神。
哈波奎迪斯（Harpocrates/Hor-pa-kraat;Golden Dawn，Hoor-par-kraat）：孩提时荷鲁斯的称呼。
哈托尔（Hathor/Het-Heru，Het-Hert）：荷鲁斯之妻，司爱情及丰饶。
伊姆贺特普（Imhotep/Imouthis）：医药及塔的守护神。
玛特（Maat）：正义及秩序之神。
奈特（Neith/Net，Neit; Gold Dawn，Thoum-aesh-neith）：司智慧及战争之神。
奈荷贝特（Nekhbet）：上埃及的保护神。
布塔（Ptah）：创造之神。
奎特（Qetesh）：司爱情及美丽之神。
塞克（Seker）：司光之神。
【祈祷的神】
绍席斯(Saosis):拥有一棵洋槐树的女神.许多神祗(尤其是荷鲁斯)都由她的洋槐树中产生.
荷鲁斯四子（Four Sons of Horus）：冥王身体的守护者。
艾姆谢特（Imset,Amset,Mesta）：荷鲁斯四子之一，死者肝脏的保护者。
哈碧（Hapi，Golden Dawn，Ahephi）：荷鲁斯四子之一，死者肺的保护者。
多姆泰夫（Duamutef，Tuamutef;Golden Dawn，Thmoomathph）：荷鲁斯四子之一，死者胃的保护者。
凯布山纳夫（Qebshenuf,Kebechsenef,Kebehsenuf,Qebehsenuf）：荷鲁斯四子之一，死者肠的保护者。
【大类】
阿蒙〔Amon〕：底比斯的主神，因底比斯的兴起而成为国家的主神。这个名字意指"The Hidden One",圣兽是鹅和公羊。
阿努比斯〔Anubis〕；外形幻化成山犬的死神，也是墓地的守护神。塞特与奈芙提斯之子，木乃伊的创造者。他引导死者的灵魂到审判的地方,同时监督审判,使死者免於第二次的死亡。
安穆凯〔Anuket〕：在上埃及十分崇拜安穆凯,并把她当成是克奴姆及沙提的女儿(或同伴)。圣兽是瞪羚。她被当成(冷)水神,人类的头上戴有羽毛冠。
阿顿〔Aton〕：太阳头上之圆盘，朝日刚露出地平线时的太阳神。在阿克奈天（即 Amenhotep IV）宗教改革时，被奉为唯一真神，他的继任者 - 杜唐卡门王（Tuankhamun）因神官而恢复以前崇拜阿蒙.拉的信仰。
阿匹斯〔Apis〕：他是最早将神性表现在动物身上的神只,孟斐斯人多崇拜他。其象徵丰饶及生产力,乃一戴有太阳盘及圣蛇的公牛神,目前在孟斐斯有神牛墓,所埋葬的就是这些阿匹斯圣牛。
阿陶姆〔Atum〕：落日之太阳神，为众神之首，是创造世界的主神,苏及泰夫姆特的父亲。
贝斯特〔Bast〕：猫神,崇拜中心在 Bubastis 的三角洲城。自从猫变成宠物后,贝斯特变成家中很重要的神只及图像.(猫杀死攻击太阳神的蛇常被画在纸沙草上)。
贝斯〔Bes〕：本为非洲的原始信仰,十二王朝时期方进入埃及,是一有胡子且好笑的矮子,充份显示出想像力聚集的成果,是以往的埃及人所没有的。其被当成音乐之神,且保护那些表演的孩子们。
艾谢特〔Amset〕：荷鲁斯的四个儿子之一,看似木乃伊,保护已死人的肝,也被伊西斯女神保护。
哈碧〔Hapi〕：荷鲁斯的四个儿子之一,是一具有狒狒头的木乃伊,保护已死人的肺,也被奈芙提斯女神保护。
杜米特夫〔Duamutef〕：荷鲁斯的四个儿子之一,是一具有狐狼头的木乃伊,保护已死人的胃,也被奈斯女神保护。
奎本汉穆夫〔Qebhsenuef〕：荷鲁斯的四个儿子之一,是一具有猎鹰头的木乃伊,保护已死人的肠,也被塞勒凯特女神保护。
艾德乔〔Edjo〕：三角洲的蛇神,下埃及的象徵及守护神。
给布〔Geb〕：大地之神，表示植物生长繁茂的地面。地球之神,苏及泰夫姆特之子;奴特的兄弟及丈夫;奥西里斯,伊西斯,塞特,奈芙提斯的父亲。圣兽是鹅,通常以黑或绿皮肤男人的形象出现,分别表现生长的万物及肥沃的尼罗河。有人说他掌有死者灵魂是否下地狱的权柄,使人不能上天堂。
荷鲁斯〔Horus〕：鹰神，王权的守护者，外形幻化为鹰；为奥西里斯与伊西斯之子。法老即为人间的荷鲁斯。
哈波奎特斯〔Harpocrates〕：孩提时的荷鲁斯(Horus the child), 用以区别年长后的荷鲁斯。他保护上埃及的小孩子,头发旁分并吸著手指。
哈托尔〔Hathor〕：爱及丰饶的女神，是古埃及所有女神中最美的，外形幻化成牡牛。埃及最古老的女神之一,希腊文提及其为天空女神。他经常被视予和伊西斯相同,主要崇拜地在 Edfu ,以为是荷鲁斯之妻。在底比斯他曾被认为是死神,但是一般均认为他是爱,舞,酒及外国之神。
海奎特〔Heqet〕：青蛙头的女神,乃八个最被隐士崇拜的神只之一。在 Antinoe 被视为是克奴姆之妻。
海鲁-拉-哈〔Heru-ra-ha〕：由Ra-Hoor-Khuit 和Hoor-par-Kraat 组成。这个名字在埃及文中意指"Horus and Ra be Praised!"(赞美荷鲁斯及拉)当然,这是不同与言所翻译出来的意义,或许只是因为要进入不同文化所译的。
伊姆贺特普〔Imhotep〕：是建筑师,医生,更是第三王朝 Zoser 王的宰相,为 Zoser 王在塞加拉(Sakkara)建造了阶梯金字塔。在他死后被奉为医药之神及布塔神之子,与托特神同为书记的守护神;希腊则尊之为 Asklepios。
伊西斯〔Isis〕：守护死者的女神，亦为生命与健康之神。奥西里斯之妻，荷鲁斯之母,奈芙提斯的姐妹。她可以说是埃及神话中最重要亦最受欢迎的女神之一,古埃及人相信她是宇宙间最有魔力的魔术师,因为她知道太阳神的秘密名字。她保护荷鲁斯的儿子艾谢特;帮助奥西里斯复生,且帮助他管理冥城。
凯宏斯〔Khons〕/孔苏〔Khonsu〕：底比斯三神之一(阿蒙及姆特),月神，亦为医疗之神，其父为阿蒙神，母为姆特神，三神同立於一座,在卡纳克外围有其神庙。关於他最有名的故事应是他在古游戏Senet中与托特为对,并以他的光为赌注;托特赢了比赛,因此他无法展现他所有的光芒-除了满月时(这或许正是月有阴晴的传说吧)。
凯布利〔Khepri〕：甲虫神，亦为早晨之太阳神，常被认为与拉相同。代表太阳在天上周行一日的路径。Kheper在埃及文中意指许多,但根据上下文所得,多指创造或转换("to creat" or "to transform"),而且也代表了圣甲虫。它之所以受此尊重乃因太阳的升起就像甲虫滚动著它的卵,因此它代表了太阳在天空运行的推进器。
克奴姆〔Khnum〕：公羊神,创造神之一,配偶是海奎特,奈斯或沙提。
敏〔Min〕：生产及收获之神，亦为道路和沙漠旅行者的守护神，可布特斯之主神。全名是Menu-ka-mut-f("Min, Bull of his Mother"),是一个很男性化的神,通常人们把莴苣当成祭品献给他,然后吃掉便能获得成年的标志(成年礼)。乃爱之女神奎特的丈夫。
莫〔Month〕：在阿蒙神兴起之前是底比斯的主神,通常以一猎鹰头人身的形象和荷鲁斯一起出现,乃战争之神。
姆特〔Mut〕：战争女神，阿蒙神之妻，孔苏神之母，外形幻化成母狮。Mut这个名字在埃及文中意指母亲,是月神孔苏之母。
马特〔Maat〕：正义、真理、秩序之神，为一配带羽毛(上刻有其名)的年轻女神。在冥府执行审判时，是将死者的心脏和她的羽毛一起放在天秤的两边称重。托特的妻子,拉的女儿,其名暗示真实及正义,秩序。
奈夫图〔Nefertum〕：布塔与塞克荷迈特最小的儿子,常以一个年青的小孩,头戴王冠坐在盛开的莲花的形象出现。
奈斯〔Neith〕：非常古老的战争女神,崇拜地在Delta,智慧女神,保护杜米特夫,鳄鱼神索贝克之母。
迈荷贝特〔Nekhbet〕：保护上埃及的女神,常戴著上埃及的王冠。
奈芙提斯〔Nephthys〕：守护死者的女神。塞特之妻，阿努比斯之母。给布和奴特最小的小孩,当塞特杀了奥西里斯时,他背弃丈夫塞特,并协助伊西斯照顾荷鲁斯。奥西里斯四子中,他保护的是哈碧。
奴特〔Nut〕：天空女神，太阳之母。苏和泰夫姆特之女,给布的妻子与姐妹,奥西里斯,伊西斯,塞特,奈芙提斯的母亲,通常被画成一具有蓝色皮肤的女人,身体含有星星,四肢撑在地面,表示天空在地球上的弧度。
奥西里斯〔Osiris〕：丰饶之神，文明的赐予者。冥界之王，执行人死后是否可得永生的审判。一般在壁画中，若脸上涂有绿色颜料，则表是在复活中或已经复活。他的崇拜仪式起於阿拜多斯(Abydos),因此那裏有许多他的神庙。他变得受欢迎是在中王国以后,十八王朝时他可能是最广泛被崇拜的神只,同时,持续到晚期埃及。
布塔〔Ptah〕：万物的创造者，除了为国王与职工的守护神之外，亦为孟斐斯的主神。通常以一有胡子且戴著无边帽的男人木乃伊形像出现,手握著 Uas(phoenix-headed)权杖,安克(Ankh)和Djed(安定的象徵)。常以Ptah-seker-ausar的名字和塞克,奥西里斯一起被崇拜;塞克荷迈特之夫,奈夫图之父。
奎特〔Qetesh〕：本为叙利亚的神只,乃爱及美的女神。通常以一美丽的裸女站或坐在狮子上,手上握著花,镜或蛇的形象,以正面出现(和一般埃及画不同),敏之妻。
拉〔Ra〕：即太阳神，中王国和新王国时代握有绝对的权威。苏及奈夫姆特之父,奴特与给布的祖父,奥西里斯等人的曾祖父,荷鲁斯的曾曾祖父。十八王朝后,因为奥西里斯及伊西斯的受欢迎,连带他也是,以Ra netjer-aa neb-pet("Ra, the great God, Lord of Heaven") ,更晚一些,他变成宇宙的主宰阿蒙.拉。
沙提〔Sati〕：大象女神,克奴姆之妻,有人的头并戴有上埃及王冠,头上并有羚羊角。
塞特〔Seth〕：沙漠、外国之神，象徵风雨不顺的季节，是奥西里斯和荷鲁斯最大的敌人。十九王朝始为他翻案,重新被视为一伟大的神只,仁慈地压抑沙漠及外国的力量以保护埃及。
塞克〔Seker〕；光之神,保护死者的灵魂通过地底世界以达来生,在孟斐斯被视为具有布塔部份神性的Ptah-seker或Ptah-seker-ausar。通常乃一具有鹰头的木乃伊,类似布塔。
塞克荷迈特〔Sekhmet〕：母狮女神,在孟斐斯被视为是布塔之妻,由拉自自己眼裏的火焰所创造,乃是为了惩罚人们所犯的罪;晚期则变成一爱好和平的女神,与慈善的贝斯特相近。
塞勒凯特〔Selket〕：蝎子女神,多为有保持平衡的蝎子在头上的形象,为活著无辜的人们请愿,亦被当成妇女分娩时的帮手,并曾送出七只蝎子保护伊西斯免於塞特的迫害。其乃奎本汉穆夫的保护者,之所以变得有名乃因在杜唐卡门王墓中有些关於他的收藏品在1970年代曾至美国展出。
塞拉匹斯〔Serapis〕：衰退时期的神,由希腊人综合奥西里斯与阿匹斯所设计出的,被当成是伊西斯的丈夫,来生与肥沃生产力之神,同时也是医生与烦恼解决者。他从未获得太多埃及人的崇拜,崇拜地在亚历山卓。
苏〔Shu〕：大气（空气）之神，通常会和奴特、给布一起出现，他立於中，支撑著奴特，而给布则横卧於下。这个名字或许和字根she(dry, empty)有关。他是太阳光拟人化出来的神,与泰夫姆特分享一个灵魂。
索贝克〔Sobek〕：鳄鱼神,崇拜地在Arsinoe,希腊名之为Crocoldilopolis,意指鳄鱼;据说他具有四倍的神性,因为他具有四种元素:拉的火,苏的空气,给布的地球及奥西里斯的水。在死者之书中,他保护甫出生的荷鲁斯,并帮助伊西斯及奈芙提斯消灭塞特。
索提斯〔Sothis〕：天狼星女性化的名字,早期其实是猎户座(being the consort of Sahu-Osiris, which was Orion),与哈托尔联合。
泰夫姆特〔Tefnut〕：雨云女神,拉之女,苏之妻子与姐妹,给布与奴特之母,乃一具有母狮头的女神,名字可能来自Teftef(to spit, to moisten)及Nu(水,天空)。
托特〔Thoth〕：计算、学问与智慧之神，外形或作红鹭，或作狒狒,带著笔及卷轴，亦为文字发明者。同是月神
托荷艾瑞斯〔Thoueris〕：荷马女神,具丰富的生产力以及在妇女分娩时保护她们,与贝斯是同伴。

Answer 2

古埃及人的信仰属多神教类，神只多以动物作为其象征，其形象多为人身动物头。

九柱神（Ennead）：埃及神话中的九位主要神只。

Ennead (Greek Ἐννεάς, meaning the nine), an ancient Greek translation of the Egyptian word, Pesedjet, consists of a grouping of nine deities, most often appearing in the context of Egyptian mythology.

As a multiple, three times three, the number nine became associated, religiously, as a great cardinal power, and many ancient peoples considered groupings of nine deities very important. It is likely that this belief was imposed upon the diverse groupings of deities who were included in the Egyptian pantheon and which differed from place to place.

The ancient Egyptians established multiple Pesedjets. The Pyramid Texts, originating in the fifth and sixth dynasty of the Old Kingdom, mention the Great Pesedjet, the Lesser Pesedjet, the Dual Pesedjet, plural Pesedjets, and even the Seven Pesedjets. Some pharaohs established pesedjets that incorporated themselves among the deities; most notably, Seti I in his temple at Redesiyah worshipped a pesedjet that combined six important deities with three deified forms of himself.

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拉（Ra）：主神，太阳神。其形象与阿蒙结合在一起。

Ra (often pronounced as Rah, but more correctly as Ré) is the ancient Egyptian sun god. By the fifth dynasty he became a major deity in ancient Egyptian religion, identified primarily with the mid-day sun, with other deities representing other positions of the sun. Ra changed greatly over time and in one form or another, much later he was said to represent the sun at all times of the day. The chief cult centre of Ra first was based in the city of Inunu, later called Heliopolis meaning "City of the Sun" by the Ancient Greeks. In later Egyptian dynastic times, Ra was merged with the god Horus, as Re-Horakhty (and many variant spellings). When his worship reached this position of importance in the Egyptian pantheon, he was believed to command the sky, the earth, and the underworld. He was associated with the falcon, the symbol of other sun deities who protected the pharaohs in later myths. After the deities were paired with pharaohs, the children of Hathor were considered to be fathered by Ra.

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泰芙努特（Tefnut）：雨水之神。

In Egyptian mythology, Tefnut (alternate spellings Tefenet, Tefnet) is a goddess of water and fertility. Her name means moist waters[citation needed](i.e. rain). She was created by Atum (a solar god, as were Ra, Horakty, and Khepri) from his mucus, a mythology that may be related to the alternative translation of her name - spat waters. The Memphite version of the myth states that Atum sneezed once and Tefnut's brother Shu was born, and when he coughed to clear his throat Tefnut was born. With her brother, Shu, she was the mother of Geb and Nut. In a third version, Atum masturbated and his semen formed Tefnut, and his breath formed her brother Shu.

In a myth describing the terrible weather disaster at the end of the Old Kingdom it was said that Tefnut (moisture) and Shu once argued, and she left Egypt.[citation needed] The myth states that Shu quickly decided he missed her, but she fled to Nubia (somewhere much more temperate), and changed into a cat (symbolic of war), destroying any man or god that approached. Thoth, disguised, eventually succeeds in convincing her to return. Tefnut is sometimes depicted as lioness in reflection of this tale. She is also shown as a lioness headed goddess. In heiroglyphs Tefnut is usually seen lying between the firmament and the earth.

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盖布（Geb）：大地之神。

Geb was the Egyptian god of the Earth and a member of the Ennead of Heliopolis. The name was pronounced as such from the Greek period onward, (formerly erroneously read as Seb (cf. E.A.Wallis Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians. Studies in Egyptian Mythology (London, 1904; republ.Dover Publications, New York, 1969) or as Keb. The original Egyptian was "Gebeb"/"Kebeb", meaning probably: 'weak one', perhaps:'lame one'. It was spelled with either initial -g- (all periods), or with -k-point (gj). The latter initial root consonant occurs once in the Middle Kingdom Coffin Texts, more often in 21st Dynasty mythological papyri as well as in a text from the Ptolemaic tomb of Petosiris at Tuna el-Gebel or was written with initial hard -k-, as e.g. in a 30th Dynasty papyrus text in the Brooklyn Museum dealing with descriptions of and remedies against snakes and their bites.

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阿蒙（Ammon）：主神

The Ammon or Ammonites (Hebrew: עַמּוֹן, Modern ʻAmmon Tiberian ʻAmmôn ; "People", also referred to as the children of Ammon) was a kingdom described in the Bible, said to occupy an area east of the Jordan river, Gilead and the Dead Sea.

The Old Testament describes the Ammonites as originating with an illegitimate son of Lot. From their original territory, the Ammonites are supposed to have been expelled by Sihon, king of the Amorites. The chief city of the country was Rabbah or Rabbath Ammon (the modern city of Amman is now located at this site).

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阿图姆（Atum）：暮之太阳神。

Atum (alternatively spelled Tem, Temu, Tum, and Atem) is an important deity in Egyptian mythology, whose cult centred on the city of Heliopolis. His name is thought to be derived from the word 'tem' which means to complete or finish. Thus he has been interpreted as being the 'complete one' and also the finisher of the world, which he returns to watery chaos at the end of the creative cycle. As creator he was seen as the underlying substance of the world, the deities and all things being made of his flesh or alternatively being his ka.

AtumAtum is one of the most important and frequently mentioned deities from earliest times, as evidenced by his prominence in the Pyramid Texts, where he is portrayed as both a creator and father to the king. He is usually depicted as a man wearing either the royal head-cloth or the dual white and red crown of Upper Egypt, and Lower Egypt, reinforcing his connection with kingship. Sometimes he also is shown as a serpent, the form which he returns to at the end of the creative cycle and also occasionally as a mongoose, lion, bull, lizard, or ape.

In the Heliopolitan creation myth established in the sixth dynasty, he was considered to be the first god, having created himself, sitting on a mound (benben) (or identified with the mound itself), from the primordial waters (Nu). Early myths state that Atum created the god Shu and goddess Tefnut from spitting or from his semen by masturbation in the city of Annu (the Egyptian name for Heliopolis)[1], a belief strongly associated with Atum's nature as a hermaphrodite (hence his name meaning completeness).

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荷鲁斯（Horus）：法老的守护神，王权的象征。外形为鹰头人身。

Horus is one of the oldest and most significant of the deities in the Ancient Egyptian religion who was worshipped from at least the late Predynastic period through to Greco-Roman times. Different forms of Horuses are recorded in history and these are treated as distinct gods by Egyptologists.[1] These various forms may possibly be different perceptions of the same multi-layered deity in which certain attributes or syncretic relationships are emphasised, not necessarily in opposition but complementary to one another, consistent with how the Ancient Egyptians viewed the multiple facets of reality.[2] The earliest recorded form is Horus the Falcon who was the patron deity of Nekhen in Upper Egypt and who is the first known national god, specifically related to the king who in time became to be regarded as a manifestation of Horus in life and Osiris in death.[1] The most commonly encountered family relationship describes Horus as the son of Isis and Osiris but in another tradition Hathor is regarded as his mother and sometimes as his wife.[1] Horus served many functions in the Egyptian pantheon, most notably being the god of the sky and god of war.

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阿努比斯（Anubis）：死神。外形为狼头人身。

Anubis is the Greek name for a jackal-headed god associated with mummification and the afterlife in Egyptian mythology. In the ancient Egyptian language, Anubis is known as Inpu, (variously spelled Anupu, Ienpw etc.). The oldest known mention of Anubis is in the Old Kingdom pyramid texts, where he is associated with the burial of the king.At this time, Anubis was the most important god of the Dead but he was replaced during the Middle Kingdom by Osiris.

He takes names in connection with his funerary role, such as He who is upon his mountain, which underscores his importance as a protector of the deceased and their tombs, and the title He who is in the place of embalming, associating him with the process of mummification. Like many ancient Egyptian deities, Anubis assumes different roles in various contexts, and no public procession in Egypt would be conducted without an Anubis to march at the head.

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贝斯特（Bast/Bastet）：猫神。

In Egyptian mythology, Bast (also spelled Ubasti, Baset, and later Bastet) is an ancient solar and war goddess, worshipped at least since the Second Dynasty. In the late dynasties, the priests of Amun began to call her Bastet, a repetitive and diminutive form after her role in the pantheon became diminished as Sekhmet, a similar lioness war deity, became more dominant in the unified culture of Lower and Upper Egypt. In the Middle Kingdom, the cat appeared as Bastet’s sacred animal and after the New Kingdom she was depicted as a woman with a cat’s head carrying a sacred rattle and a box or basket.

Bast or Bastet was the cat goddess and local deity of the town of Bubastis (Per-Bast in Egyptian), where her cult was centered.Bubastis was named after her. Originally she was viewed as the protector goddess of Lower Egypt, and consequently depicted as a fierce lioness. Indeed, her name means (female) devourer.[citation needed] As protector, she was seen as defender of the pharaoh, and consequently of the later chief male deity, Ra, who was also a solar deity, gaining her the titles Lady of Flame and Eye of Ra.

The goddess Bast was sometimes depicted holding a ceremonial sistrum in one hand and an aegis in the other – the aegis usually resembling a collar or gorget embellished with a lioness head.

Bast was a goddess of the sun throughout most of Ancient Egyptian history, but later when she was changed into a cat goddess rather than a lion, she was changed to a goddess of the moon by Greeks occupying Ancient Egypt toward the end of its civilization. In Greek mythology, Bast is also known as Aelurus.

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