不带To 的不定式用法

如题所述

动词不定式肯定是带to的,你只要记住不带to的情况就可以

首先要指出的是,不带to的不定式的使用实际上非常普遍,主要用在情态动词和助动词will,shall,would,should,can,could,may,might,must…以及在作为情态动词的need和dare之后

除此以外,在下列情况下也要使用不带to的动词不定式。

1.在see,feel,hear,watch,observe,listen to,look at等感官动词或短语以及let,have,make等表示祈使意义的动词后面;不定式作宾语补足语不能带to;help后面的不定式可以不带to,也可以保留to;know在一定的条件下,后面的不定式作宾语补足语时可以不带to。例如:

I saw the man come ont of the house.

带to的动词不定式跟在上述动词后面时,情况比较复杂,有以下几个问题须特别注意:

(1)当上述句子变成被动语态时,原来作宾语补足语的不定式则相应地成为主语补足语。这时,不定式就一定要带to,以上述句子为例:

The man was seen to come out of the house.

She was heard to say that she was fed up.

(后面的句子以此类推)其原因是“英语中还有一条规律:凡是被动的动词都不能和不带to的不定式连用。其中只有let除外,原因是作主语补足语的不定式是单音节词。例如:

The students were let go after class.

The grass was let grow.

(2)不定式在help之后,既可以用作宾语补足语,也可直接作宾语,例如:

This book will help(to)improve your English.

help之后不定式带to还是不带to可能有以下几种区别:①不带to结构在非正式文体中更为常见。②用不带to的不定式在美国英语中似乎比在英国英语中更常见。③决定不定式带不带to主要牵涉到主语,如果主语不能参与到不定式的动作中去,则不定式通常都要带to。例如:

This book helps to see the truth.

This book will help you to use English.

(3)have known后面跟的不定式可以不带to,也可以保留to。例如:

I have known her(to)lie.

never knew和have never known的后面通常跟不带to的不定式,但偶尔也可以见到带to的不定式。例如:

I never knew him do anything without a good reason.

I have never known him say this before.

(4)如果在feel,know,observe,see后面跟的不定式是be,则to不可省略。例如:

We all felt that to be the highest praise.
morning.

应该注意到的是feel和see这两个动词在上述例句中已不是感觉动词,它们的意思分别是“认为”、“以为”和“知悉”、“了解”。

2.当句子的主语部分是实意动词do时,作主语补足语(表语)的不定式可以省略to,也可以保留to。具体可以分为以下几种情况:

(1)主语由一个以do为谓语动词的定语从句修饰。例如:

All he could do was(to)rush into the room.

The only thing he did was(to)boss us around.

(2)主语是从句,其中有do。例如:

What we all do is(to)talk Class Two into a football match.

Everybody says I'd make a great engineer but what I really want to do is write.

(3)主语是to do作定语修饰的thing。例如:

The thing to do is(to) clear the road.

(4)当主语是不定式而主语补足语(表语)中有do时,必须省略to。例如:

Turn off the gas was all I did.

3.在口语里,用在祈使句中或者不定式go或come后面的不定式有时可以省略to。例如:

Go ask her.

4.介词but和except后面可以跟不定式(前有do后无to)。如果这两个介词前面是do nothing,do anything,do everything,there is nothing to do等,其后的不定式不带to。例如:

I could do nothing but wait.

有时在besides的后面也可以跟不带to的不定式。例如:

That afternoon I had nothing to do besides answer letters.

5.Why在疑问词中是唯一能不用助动词便可引导疑问句的。其结构为why+不带to的不定式或why not+不带to的不定式。两种结构虽然都是疑问句的形式,但却分别表示不同的意思。前者通常用来表明做某事是愚蠢的或无意义的,意为“干嘛要……”。后者实际是用来提出建议或劝告,意为“何不……”或“干嘛不……”。例如:

Why get so disappointed?That will do you barm.

6.rather than位于句首时后接不带to的不定式,而位于句末时,其后的不定式可以不带to,也可以保留to。例如:

Rather than cause trouble,he left.

He walks to his office every day rather than(to)go by bus.

7.had better,had best,would rather,would sooner,would as soon后面跟不带to的不定式。例如:

You'd better get some sleep.

You had best get home before midnight.


8.在let,make,leave,hear等动词和其他动词构成的固定词组中用不带to的不定式。例如:

He let go the boy.他放开了那个男孩。

We mustn't let slip such an opportunity.我们一定不能错过这样一个机会。
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第1个回答  2013-12-10
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。动词不定式作宾语 后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有:agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish, would like等。如:We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望天黑以前到那儿。The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。动词不定式作宾语的注意事项(2点)1、有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语,也可跟动名词作宾语,但含义不同:remember to do 记住要做某事;remember doing 记得曾经做过某事forget to do忘记要做某事 forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事stop to do 停下来去做某事 stop doing 停止做某事go on to do 继续做另一件事 go on doing 继续做原来在做的事I remember seeing you somewhere before. 我记得以前在哪儿见过你。Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.离开时请记得关好灯。2、不定式作宾语时,如带有宾语补足语,则要把不定式放到后面,用it作形式宾语,构成“主语+动词+it+宾补(形容词、名词)+不定式”结构。如:He found it very difficult to get to sleep. 他发现很难入睡。动词不定式作宾语补足语 1、后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:ask, order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 老师要我们做练习一。 I want both of you to go. 我要你们俩去。 We helped her (to) repair her bike. 我们帮助她修理自行车。 2.使役动词let, have, make及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。 Let’s have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。I saw him come in. 我看见他进来了。感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补,也可跟v-ing作宾补,前者表示动作的全部过程已结束;后者表示动作正在进行。I saw him come downstairs.我看见他下了楼。(说明他下楼了这件事)I saw him coming downstairs.我看见他在下楼。(说明他下楼时的情景)动词不定式的否定形式 动词不定式的否定式是在to前加not;不带to的不定式则在动词前加not. 如:Zhang Ming asked me not to stay at home all day. 张明要我不要整天呆在家里。My mother let me not do it by myself.妈妈让我不要独自做这件事。 回答者: 想念n1的味道 - 一级 2009-8-31 16:50英语中,把“to do(动词原形)”结构叫做动词不定式。其中to作为小品词用,是动词不定式的标志。但在下列情况下,小品词to会被省略掉。1、在情态动词及助动词后的不定式不带to。例如:I can do it myself. 我自己干得了。Will you please close the window?请你关上窗户,好吗?He didn’t go home last night. 昨晚,他没有回家。2、在see,watch,notice,look at, listen to, hear,feel等感官动词的后面作宾语补足语时。例如:Did you see him come out of the hotel just now? 你刚才看见他从旅馆出来了吗?I heard her lock the door. 我听见她锁了门。但是,上述情况只是出现在主动句中,在被动句中必须带上to。例如:He was noticed to enter the office. 有人看见他进了办公室。3、在 make,let,have等使役动词之后作宾语补足语时。例如:She lets us meet her at the bus station. 她要我们去汽车车站接她。Don’t make the students do so much homework.. 别让学生做那么多的作业。与感官动词一样,在被动句中的使役动词必须和带to的不定式连用。例如:I was made to try it again. 有人要我再试一次。4、在help后作宾语补足语用的不定式前的小品词to,可带,也可不带。例如:She helped her mother(to)clean the house yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午,她帮助她母亲打扫屋子。5、had better后的不定式符号to要省略。例如:We had better start now. 我们最好立即动身。You had better not talk in class. 你最好别在课堂上说话。6、would rather/sooner,rather/sooner than 后的不定式符号to要省略。例如:We would rather/sooner stay at home. 我们宁可呆在家里。He prefers to drink some water rather/sooner than drink a coffee.他宁可喝些水,也不愿喝一杯咖啡。7、“Why not …?”结构中,紧随其后的动词不定式不带to。例如:Why not ask the man over there?为什么不那边的这个人?8、当两个或两个以上的不定式连在一起时,只须在第一个不定式前加to,后面的不定式通常省略to。例如:I want you to stand beside me and hold the stick. 我想要你站在我身边扶住这根棍子。He told me to finish my homework and(to)hand it in. 他告诉我完成作业并把它交上去。9、but 和 except跟在“do + anything/nothing/everything”后面时,通常与不带to的不定式连用。例如:I could do nothing but lie down.我别无选择,只能躺下。My pet dog does everything except speak. 我的宠物狗除了不能说话以外,什么事都会做。本回答被网友采纳
第2个回答  2013-12-10
go home
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