宾语从句引导词及用法总结

如题所述

宾语从句引导词及用法总结宾语从句即指在主从复合句中用作宾语的从句。宾语从句通常由连词that和whether (if)以及连接代词或连接副词引导。宾语从句的词序要用陈述句词序,不能用疑问句词序。
宾语从句的引导词
(1) 用that引导。that只起引导词作用,不充当句子成分,也没有词义,且通常可以省略:
We think (that) he will help us. 我们认为他会帮助我们。
He said (that) he was good at English. 他说他擅长英语。
I know (that) he is very busy. 我知道他很忙。
(2) 用if或whether引导。if和whether引导宾语从句,不充当句子成分,但有词义,表示“是否”:
I don't know if [whether] he will come. 我不知道他是否会来。
She asked if [whether] that was enough. 她问那是否够了。
I wonder whether [if] it is true. 我不知道是不是真的。
(3) 用连接代词引导。常见的引导宾语从句的连接代词有what, who, whom, which, whose等。此时要特别注意宾语从句用陈述句词序,而不用疑问句词序:
Ask him which he wants. 问他要哪一个。
She asked who would like to go. 她问谁愿意去。
Tell me whose wallet this is. 告诉我这是谁的钱包
【注】what引导宾语从句时,有时表示“什么”,有时表示“…所…的”。比较:
I asked what he needed. 你问他需要什么。
I gave him what he needed. 我给了他所需要的东西。
(4) 用连接副词引导。常见的引导宾语从句的连接副词有when, how, where, why等。此时要特别注意宾语从句用陈述句词序,而不用疑问句词序:
He knows where they live. 他知道他们住哪里。
Tell us how you are getting on now. 告诉我们你现在过得怎样?
I can't tell you why she is crying. 我不能告诉你她为什么哭。
He didn't say when he would return. 他没有说什么时候回来。
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