英语中直接引语转间接引语的方法

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.

“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：

He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。

“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：

Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。

二、如何变时态：

直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。

现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：

1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen

2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.

3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。

但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。

①直接引语是客观真理。

"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。

②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：

Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。

③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：

Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。

④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：

He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。

⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：

Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。

三、如何变状语：

直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday。变为 the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：

He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.

四、如何变句型：

①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.

②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.

"You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.

"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.

③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。

She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.

④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如：

"Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.

⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如：

He said, "Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film

例如：He says:"Please open the window."
改成间接引语是 He asks me to open the window.
如果是命令的，语气强硬的用tell代替ask
如果引号内是句子而不是祈使句，就用that为连接词。

虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测， 建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。

If I were you, I'd take them away.

如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。

If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.

如果我碰见了李华，我就告诉了他了。
虚拟语气的用法

1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。

May you be happy.

祝你幸福。

May you have a good time.

祝愿你玩的痛快。
2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。动词 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气， 宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望，要求。

I wish she would be on my side.

我希望她能站在我一边。

I wish I could help him.

我希望我能帮助他。
动词 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 后面的从句中，"should" 可以省略。

The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.

老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。
3) 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。

在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形

It's necessary that we should have a walk now.

我们有必要出去散散步。
4) 虚拟语气用在状语从句中。

虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的主句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时，动词有三种时态形式，即现在，过去和将来。
与现在事实相反的：

条件从句 结果从句
If I (we,you,he,they)+ 动词过去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 动词原形。 He (you,they) would + 动词原形。

与过去事实相反的：

条件从句 结果从句
If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 过去分词 I(we)should + have+ 过去分词。He (you,they) would + have + 过去分词。
If I were you, I should buy it.

如果我是你，我就买了它。

If I had time, I would study French.

如果我有时间，我会学习法语的。
有关虚拟语气的几个问题：

1) 有时if引导的状语从句可以省略 if，而把从句中的动词 were, had 或 should 移到主语前面。

Were she younger, she would do it .

如果她年青点， 她就会干的。

Had he known her address, he would had gone to visite her.

如果他知道她的地址，他会去看她的。

2) 有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略，而只剩下一个主句或者一个条件从句。

I could help you.

我本来可以帮助你。

If I had time.

我要有时间该多好啊。

She should have come to the party.

她应该来参加聚会。

If he had much more money.

如果他有更多的钱就能...。

3) 虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致。

If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.

如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。

If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this

Answer 2

一般情况下，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态都需作相应的变化，但在下列几种情况下时态可以保持不变。1．当直接引语是不因时间而变化的、永恒的、客观的普遍真理或格言时，变为间接引语，时态保持不变。“The sun rises in the east，”his mother told him when he was a child．→His mother told him when he was a child that the sun rises in the east．2．当直接引语为经常发生的、反复性的、习惯性的动作或表状态时，变 为间接引语，时态不变。“My father always has a cup of tea after supper，”said Xiao Wang．→Xiao Wang said that his father always has a cup of tea after supper．She said：“I get up at 6：30 every morning．→She said that she gets up at 6：30 every morning．3．当直接引语所述内容是真实的或谈话时动作仍在继续时，变为间接引语，时态不变。He said：“My brother is an advanced worker．→He said that his brother is an advanced worker．“The workers are trying to finish this task ahead of time，”the engineer said to us．→The engineer told us that the workers are trying to finish this task ahead oftime．4．当主句的时态是一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时或一般将来时时，变为间接引语，时态不变。Wei Fang has said：“I'm not willing to do it．”→Wei Fang has said that she is not willing to do it．She says：“I will never forget you．”→She says that she will never forget me．5．直接引语为过去完成时，变为间接引语，时态不变。He said：“We hadn't returned to the store when she came．”→He said they hadn't returned to the store when she came．6．当直接引语中，一般过去时同一个具体的、明确的表示过去的时间连用时，变为间接引语后仍用一般过去时。“I began to work in 1986，” said the worker．→The worker said that he began to work in 1986．7．直接引语中，如果从句是由when，while，since引导的时态为过去时 的状语从句，变为间接引语时，主句时态可变也可不变，但从句的时态不变。“When I was a boy，I often went hungry，”said Dad．→Dad said that when he was a boy，he often went hungry．She said：“Everything has changed since he came．”→She said that everything had changed since he came．8．在wish，would rather及it's time之后，所跟从句中一般过去时并不表示过去时间，所以变为间接引语时，时态不变。“I wish I knew，”he said．→He said he wish he knew．The teacher said to us，“It's time we started．”→The teacher told us that it was time we started．
直接引语变间接引语的变化主要有时态、人称、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变换。1.人称代词主要是依语境的不同而进行相应的变换。例如：1) He said, “I like it very much.” 他说：“我非常喜欢它”。He said that he liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。2) He said to me, “I’ve left my book in your room” 他对我说：“我把书放在你的房间里了。” He told me that he had left his book in my room. 他告诉我他把他的书放在我的房间里了。2. 时态的转变主要是把原有的时态向前推一个时态。即：一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时变为过去将来时、现在完成时和过去时变为过去完成时、过去完成时不变。例如： 1) He said, “I’m afraid I can’t finish this book.” 他说：“恐怕我完不成这本书。” He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish that book.” 他说他恐怕完不成那本书。 2) He said, “I’m using the knife.” 他说：“我正在用这把小刀。” He said that he was using the knife. 他说他正在用那把小刀。 3) He said. “I had finished my homework before supper.” 他说：“晚饭前我已经完成了我的家庭作业。” He said that he had finished his homework before supper. 他说晚饭前他已经完成了他的家庭作业。3. 指示代词中this要改为that; these 要改为those. 时间状语today 变为that day; yesterday变为the day before; tomorrow 变为the next/following day; here变为there; come变为go; now变为then。例如： 1) She said, “I’ll come this morning.” 她说：“我今天上午来。” She said that she would go that morning. 她说她那天上午去。 2) He said, “My sister was here three days ago.” 他说：“我姐姐三天前在这儿。” He said that his sister had been there three days before. 他说他姐姐三天前过那儿。 3) He said, “It is nine o’clock. Now.” 他说：“现在九点了。” He said that it was nine O’clock then. 他说当时是九点。4. 直接引语如果是客观真理，变间接引语时时态不变。例如： He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.” 他说：“光比声音传播速度快的多。” He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播速度快的多。

Answer 3

转述、引用或概述别人说的话时有两种方法：直接用别人的原话，也可以用自己的话把意思转述出来。直接引述别人的话就是直接引语(句中有“”)，用自己的话转述别人的话则称为间接引语(句中无“”)。

Answer 4

只要现在时转过去时就可以哦

Answer 5

一、如何变人称;
下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：
She said. "My brother wants to go with me." →She said her brother wanted to go with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?" →He asked Kate how her sister was then。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr. Smith said: "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker。
二、如何变时态：
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：
1) She said. "I have lost a pen." →She said she had lost a pen.
2) She said. "We hope so." →She said they hoped so.
3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。
但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。
①直接引语是客观真理。
"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。
②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：
Jack said. “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” →Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：
Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 20, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：
He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：
Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。
三、如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规则，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday变为 the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：
He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.
四、如何变句型：
①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes." →She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.
"You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。
She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb.(not) to do sth."句型。如：
"Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise.
"Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she. →She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如：
He said, " Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如：
John said, "I’m going to London with my father."
约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语）
John said that he was going to London with his father.
约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）