英语音标共有44个基本音标。
英语音标（Phonetic Symbols）是一套用来表示英语语音的符号系统，帮助学习者正确发音。在国际音标（International Phonetic Alphabet，简称IPA）中，共有44个基本音标，其中包括20个元音音标和24个辅音音标。这些音标用来描述英语中的所有发音，包括单音节词、复合词和句子中的音素。
1. 元音音标（Vowel Sounds）：
在英语中，有20个基本的元音音标。它们分为单元音和双元音两种类型。
单元音（Monophthongs）：
/iː/ as in "seat"
/ɪ/ as in "sit"
/eɪ/ as in "say"
/æ/ as in "cat"
/ɑː/ as in "car"
/ɒ/ as in "hot"
/ɔː/ as in "fork"
/ʊ/ as in "book"
/uː/ as in "boot"
/ə/ as in "sofa"
/ɜː/ as in "bird"
/əʊ/ as in "go"
/aɪ/ as in "my"
/aʊ/ as in "now"
/ɔɪ/ as in "boy"
双元音（Diphthongs）：
/eɪ/ as in "face"
/aɪ/ as in "ride"
/ɔɪ/ as in "coin"
/aʊ/ as in "house"
/əʊ/ as in "goat"
2. 辅音音标（Consonant Sounds）：
英语中有24个基本的辅音音标。
/p/ as in "pen"
/b/ as in "bat"
/t/ as in "top"
/d/ as in "dog"
/k/ as in "cat"
/g/ as in "go"
/f/ as in "fun"
/v/ as in "van"
/θ/ as in "think"
/ð/ as in "this"
/s/ as in "sit"
/z/ as in "zip"
/ʃ/ as in "she"
/ʒ/ as in "measure"
/h/ as in "hat"
/m/ as in "man"
/n/ as in "not"
/ŋ/ as in "sing"
/l/ as in "lip"
/r/ as in "run"
/w/ as in "win"
/j/ as in "yes"
/ʔ/ as in "uh-oh"
**3. **应用和重要性：
学习和掌握英语音标对于学习者的发音和语音准确性非常重要。它帮助人们了解词汇中每个音素的发音方式，从而避免在交流中产生发音错误。掌握英语音标也有助于学习者更好地适应各种英语口音，提高听力水平。在国际交流和语言教学中，英语音标被广泛使用，为全球范围内的英语学习者提供了一个标准的语音参考系统。
综上所述，英语音标在英语学习和语音教学中具有重要作用，它为学习者提供了一个准确、明确的发音标准，帮助他们更好地掌握英语发音规则，提高语言交际能力。