第1个回答 2015-04-15
什么是主题的《天路历程》吗? 追问： 天路历程的主题。 回答： 《天路历程》运用了文学寓言体。班扬使用比喻象征性的语言，通过一系列连续扩展的隐喻，来表达超出文字字面意思的深层含义。《天路历程》通过基督徒的朝圣这个中心隐喻，展现了多个层次的寓意。其中最明显的是宗教寓意。对于18世纪的读者来说，《天路历程》是一部像《圣经》一样的书籍。尽管班扬没有读过多少书，有一本书他却比任何人都了解，那就是《圣经》。他对《圣经》的了解不是学者式的，因为他不懂希腊语和希伯来语，也不知道当时关于《圣经》的学术评论。然而他对《圣经》的内容了如指掌，在《天路历程》中频繁地使用《圣经》中的用词和意象。《天路历程》大致同《旧约》和《新约》的主要情节相对应。例如，从基督徒的朝圣之旅我们可以看到《圣经》中以色列入寻找救赎的艰辛历程。班扬所表现的正是当时很多牧师所宣扬的：人类迷失了自己，需要救赎，而只有通过对自己罪孽的忏悔和对耶稣的信仰才能得到拯救。书中表现了上帝的仁慈。即使是在基督徒误入歧途，向完全相反的方向前进时，上帝也会宽恕他，用自己的仁慈把他召唤回来，让他再次走上通往天堂的道路。 值得注意的是，虽然《天路历程》在很大程度是一部宗教寓言，主要体现了宗教改革时期的清教的神学思想，却没有狭隘的宗派主义，并没有什么内容可以让它属于某一个教派独有。除了几行关于教皇的描写，没有任何地方会让一个天主教徒感到不舒服。只有极端的圣公会教徒才会觉得有必要做一些删改。这也说明了为什么《天路历程》主要是为了宣扬新教关于救赎的思想，却能受到不止是清教徒的广大读者的认可和欢迎。 补充： Bunyan began the work while in the Bedfordshire county gaol for violations of the Conventicle Act, which prohibited the holding of religious services outside the auspices of the established Church of England. Early Bunyan scholars like John Brown believed The Pilgrim's Progress was begun in Bunyan's second shorter imprisonment for six months in 1675,[2] but more recent scholars like Roger Sharrock believe that it was begun during Bunyan's initial, more lengthy imprisonment from 1660-1672 right after he had written his spiritual autobiography, Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners.[3] The English text comprises 108,260 words and is divided into two parts, each reading as a continuous narrative with no chapter divisions. After the first edition of the first part in 1678, an expanded edition, with additions written after Bunyan was freed, appeared in 1679. The Second Part appeared in 1684. There were eleven editions of the first part in John Bunyan's lifetime, published in successive years from 1678 to 1685 and in 1688, and there were two editions of the second part, published in 1684 and 1686. 补充： Pilgrim's progress using literature fable. Class used similitudes symbolic language lift, through a series of metaphor, continuous expansion beyond words to express the deep meaning of literal meaning. Pilgrim's progress through the Christian pilgrimage this center showed multiple levels metaphor, and the implication. The most obvious is that religious implication. For the 18th century readers would pilgrim's progress is a like the bible the same books. Although class Yang didn't read a lot of books, there is a book but he know more than anyone, that is the bible. He told the bible understanding not scholar type, because he did not understand Greek and Hebrew, also don't know about the bible at the academic reviews. But he told the bible in hand, the content of the pilgrim's progress in frequent use of biblical words and images. Pilgrim's progress with the old testament and roughly the new testament correspond to the main plot. For example, from the Christian pilgrimage we can see the bible into the seek salvation in Israel difficult course. Class at display is lift many pastor preached by: humans lost themselves, need to redeem, while only through the confessions of our iniquities of Jesus beliefs can and be saved. Book found expression in god's mercy. Even in Christian astray to completely opposite direction, god will forgive him with his own kind, he summoned back, let him on the road to heaven again. It is worth noting, though pilgrim's progress in large part is a religious fable, mainly embodies the Puritan religious reform period of the theological, but no narrow sectarianism, and no content can let it belongs to a sectarian unique. Except for a few rows about the Pope's description, no place can let a Catholic feel uncomfortable. Only extreme episcopalians will think it is necessary本回答被提问者采纳