英语基本句式小结 英语中的句式有很多种,从英语的句子结构上说,总体可以归纳为五个基本句式。一般地说,某些动词用在某一特定句式中。那么,哪些动词常用于哪些句式,我们把这些句型和常用的动词进行归类,每一大类都分出详细的条目,同学们可以在理解记忆各大类的基础上记忆相关动词,并继续归纳总结。 1.S(主)+ Vi(不及物动词)(谓) 1)S + V + adverbial(状语) Birds sing beautifully. 2)S + Vi+ prep Phrase(介词短语) He went on holiday. 3)S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式) We stopped to have a rest. 4)S + Vi+ Participle (分词) I’ll go swimming 2. S (主)+ Vt (及物动词)(谓)+ O(宾) 1) S + VT + N/Pron I like music. 2) S + VT + infinitive(不定式) I want to help him. 常用于这句型的动词有:attempt,dare,decide,desire,expect,hope,learn,need,offer,refuse,want,wish等。 3) S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive I don’t know what to do. 常用于这句型的动词有:ask,consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,guess,know,learn,observe,remember,see,settle,tell,think,understand,wonder等。 4) S + VT + Gerund I enjoy living here. 常用于这句型的动词有:admit,advise,avoid,consider,defend,enjoy,excuse,finish,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,give up,can't help等。 5) S + VT + That-clause I don’t think (that) he is right. 常用于这句型的动词有:Admit,believe,declare,demand,deny,doubt,expect,explain,feel(觉得),hear(听说),hope,imagine,intend,know,mean,mind(当心),notice,request,report,say,see(看出),show,suggest,suppose,think,understand,wish,wonder(觉得奇怪)。 3. S (主)+ V(谓)(lv)( 系动词)+ P(表) 1)S + Lv + N/Pron(名词/代词) He is a boy. 2)S + Lv + Adj(形容词) She is beautiful. 3)S + Lv + Adv (副词) Class is over. 4)S + Lv + Prep Phrase He is in good health. 5)S + Lv + Participle(分词) The film is interesting. 除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词: 表感官的动词,feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem 等。表转变变化的动词,become,get,grow,turn,go,等。表延续的动词 remain,keep,seem,hold,stay,rest等。表瞬时的动词 come,fall,set,cut,occur等。其他动词 eat,lie,prove,ring,run,shine,sit,stand,continue,hang等。
英语的基本句型主要有五种,它们是:
1、主语———动词———表语
2、主语———动词
3、主语———动词———宾语
4、主语———动词———宾语———宾语
5、主语———动词———宾语———补语
掌握好这些基本句型,就可以为灵活运用语言打下良好的基础。下面分别讲解这五种句型。
一、主语---动词----表语
在这一句型中,动词是系动词,划线部分为表语。
1.Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名词做表语)
2.Gradualy he became silent.(形容词做表语)
3.She remained standing for a hour.(现在分词做表语)
4.The question remained unsolved.(过去分词做表语)
5.The machine is out of order.(介词短语做表语)
6.The television was on.(副词做表语)
7.His plan is to keep the affair secret.(动词不定式做表语)
8.My job is repairing cars.(动名词做表语)
9.The question is what you want to do.(从句做表语,即:表语从句)
注意:在下面的句子中,形容词做表语,在表语的后面常常接不定式结构。
I'm happy to meet you.
They are willing to help.
We are determined to follow his example.
二、主语———动词
在这一句型中,动词为不及物动词及不及物的动词词组。在有的句子中,不及物动词可以有状语修饰。
1.The sun is rising.
2.I'll try.
3.Did you sleep well?(well做状语,修饰不及物动词sleep)
4.The engine broke down.
注意:在此句型中,有少数不及物动词表达被动含义,表达主语本身所具有的特性,不用被动语态。
1.The book sells wel.
2.The window won't shut.
3.The pen writes smoothly.
4.Cheese cuts easily.
三、主语———动词———宾语
在此句型中,动词为及物动词,划线部分为宾语。
1.Do you know these people(them)?(名词或代词做宾语)
2.I can't express myself in English.(反身代词做宾语)
3.He smiled a strange smile.(同源宾语)
4.We can't afford to pay such a price.(不定式做宾语)
5.Would you mind waiting a few minutes?(动名词做宾语)
6.I hope that I have said nothing to pain you.(从句做宾语,即:宾语从句)
Once upon a time,there lived a fisherman on the island.
There came a knock at the door.
At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.
⑧用于非谓语的情况下,有时用不定式的复合结构there to be或动名词的复合结构和独立主格结构there being:
You wouldn't want there to be another war.(不定式的复合结构)
The teacher was satisfied with there being no mistakes in his homework.(动名词的复合结构)
There being nothing else to do,we went home.(独立主格结构)本回答被提问者采纳
第2个回答 2009-04-01
买一本权威的语法书 网络上的不够权威
第3个回答 2020-03-17
简单的说下。。句式略多 求采纳 纯手打 首先句式最大的分类是三种: 简单句,并列句,复合句 你题目中说的是从句,貌似除了谓语都有从句。所谓的从句就是把一个句子成分以单独的句子表达出来的一种格式。就我感觉,从句不算句式。 所谓的句式是 句子成分,以下给出5种最基本句式 1.主语+谓语 例句:太阳升 这里因为“升”是不及物动词所以没有宾语 2.主语+谓语+宾语 例句:好多...貌似是最常见的 3.主语+系动词+表语:例句:我是学生 常说的系表结构就是这样的 4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 例句:我们给你一本书 这个句式是因为主谓宾不能构成完整意思所以来的。总不能说 “我给你”吧。 5.主语+谓语+双宾语 例句:我们叫他TOM tom和他是同位语,因为他是宾语所以tom也是宾语~这就是双宾了~ 还有很多很多句子 比如说 it sb. st. to do sth. it's adj. for sb. to ....这类的可以说是句式,不过更深层的说应该是动词短语。 希望能对你有帮助~~~